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  2. Insulin receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_receptor

    The insulin receptor (IR) is a transmembrane receptor that is activated by insulin, IGF-I, IGF-II and belongs to the large class of receptor tyrosine kinase. [5] Metabolically, the insulin receptor plays a key role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis; a functional process that under degenerate conditions may result in a range of clinical manifestations including diabetes and cancer.

  3. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon-like_peptide-1...

    The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) found on beta cells of the pancreas and on neurons of the brain. It is involved in the control of blood sugar level by enhancing insulin secretion. In humans it is synthesised by the gene GLP1R, which is present on chromosome 6.

  4. Insulin signal transduction pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_signal...

    When insulin binds to the insulin receptor, it leads to a cascade of cellular processes that promote the usage or, in some cases, the storage of glucose in the cell. The effects of insulin vary depending on the tissue involved, e.g., insulin is most important in the uptake of glucose by muscle and adipose tissue. [2]

  5. T cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_cell

    T cells are grouped into a series of subsets based on their function. CD4 and CD8 T cells are selected in the thymus, but undergo further differentiation in the periphery to specialized cells which have different functions. T cell subsets were initially defined by function, but also have associated gene or protein expression patterns.

  6. Ozempic brain? 4 patients share how drug affected thoughts ...

    www.aol.com/news/ozempic-brain-4-patients-share...

    When semaglutide hits GLP-1 receptors in the brain, it mimics the effect of eating so you have less appetite and feel full sooner. ... has on insulin production and feeling full all start in the ...

  7. T-cell receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-cell_receptor

    T cells need three signals to become fully activated. Signal 1 is provided by the T-cell receptor when recognising a specific antigen on a MHC molecule. Signal 2 comes from co-stimulatory receptors on T cell such as CD28, triggered via ligands presented on the surface of other immune cells such as CD80 and CD86. These co-stimulatory receptors ...

  8. Insulin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin

    The effects of insulin are initiated by its binding to a receptor, the insulin receptor (IR), present in the cell membrane. The receptor molecule contains an α- and β subunits. Two molecules are joined to form what is known as a homodimer. Insulin binds to the α-subunits of the homodimer, which faces the extracellular side of the cells.

  9. IRS2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IRS2

    The product of this gene is phosphorylated by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase upon receptor stimulation, as well as by an interleukin 4 receptor-associated kinase in response to IL4 treatment. [6] Mice lacking IRS2 have a diabetic phenotype [7] as well as a 40% reduction in brain mass. [8]