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Therefore, WebSocket servers must validate the "Origin" header against the expected origins during connection establishment, to avoid cross-site WebSocket hijacking attacks (similar to cross-site request forgery), which might be possible when the connection is authenticated with cookies or HTTP authentication.
Same-origin policy. In computing, the same-origin policy (SOP) is a concept in the web-app application security model. Under the policy, a web browser permits scripts contained in a first web page to access data in a second web page, but only if both web pages have the same origin. An origin is defined as a combination of URI scheme, host name ...
A similar approach is taken by the Cross-Origin Resource Blocking (CORB) mechanism and the Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy (CORP) header, which allows a cross-origin request to succeed but blocks the loading of the content in third-party websites if there is a mismatch between the content type that was expected and that which was received. [88]
It is a means for the browser to tell the server and any intermediate caches that it wants a fresh version of the resource. The Pragma: no-cache header field, defined in the HTTP/1.0 spec, has the same purpose. It, however, is only defined for the request header. Its meaning in a response header is not specified. [77]
Web Application Messaging Protocol. WAMP is a WebSocket subprotocol registered at IANA, [1] specified [2] to offer routed RPC and PubSub. Its design goal [3] is to provide an open standard for soft, real-time message exchange between application components and ease the creation of loosely coupled architectures based on microservices.
WS-Security. Web Services Security (WS-Security, WSS) is an extension to SOAP to apply security to Web services. It is a member of the Web service specifications and was published by OASIS. The protocol specifies how integrity and confidentiality can be enforced on messages and allows the communication of various security token formats, such as ...
HTTP/3 is the third major version of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol used to exchange information on the World Wide Web, complementing the widely-deployed HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2. Unlike previous versions which relied on the well-established TCP (published in 1974), [2] HTTP/3 uses QUIC (officially introduced in 2021), [3] a multiplexed transport ...
HTTP/2 is defined both for HTTP URIs (i.e. without TLS encryption, a configuration which is abbreviated in h2c) and for HTTPS URIs (over TLS using ALPN extension [48] where TLS 1.2 or newer is required, a configuration which is abbreviated in h2).