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Frequency. ~10% of pneumonia cases requiring hospitalization [1] Aspiration pneumonia is a type of lung infection that is due to a relatively large amount of material from the stomach or mouth entering the lungs. [1] Signs and symptoms often include fever and cough of relatively rapid onset. [1]
Pulmonary aspiration is the entry of material such as pharyngeal secretions, food or drink, or stomach contents from the oropharynx or gastrointestinal tract, into the larynx (voice box) and lower respiratory tract, the portions of the respiratory system from the trachea (windpipe) to the lungs. A person may inhale the material, or it may be ...
Four million per year [ 12 ][ 13 ] Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. [ 3 ][ 14 ] Symptoms typically include some combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing. [ 15 ] The severity of the condition is variable.
[1] [2] [3] It is the most common cause of death among nosocomial infections and is the primary cause of death in intensive care units. [1] [3] It is also one of the most common infections acquired at the hospital in children around the world. [4] Hospital acquired pneumonia typically lengthens a hospital stay by 1–2 weeks. [1] [3]
Ventilator-associated pneumonia. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a type of lung infection that occurs in people who are on mechanical ventilation breathing machines in hospitals. As such, VAP typically affects critically ill persons that are in an intensive care unit (ICU) and have been on a mechanical ventilator for at least 48 hours ...
A pulmonary contusion, also known as lung contusion, is a bruise of the lung, caused by chest trauma. As a result of damage to capillaries, blood and other fluids accumulate in the lung tissue. The excess fluid interferes with gas exchange, potentially leading to inadequate oxygen levels (hypoxia). Unlike pulmonary laceration, another type of ...
3 million per year [1] Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. [1] Symptoms include shortness of breath (dyspnea), rapid breathing (tachypnea), and bluish skin coloration (cyanosis). [1] For those who survive, a decreased quality of life is ...
Mendelson's syndrome, named in 1946 for American obstetrician and cardiologist Curtis Lester Mendelson, is a form of chemical pneumonitis or aspiration pneumonitis caused by aspiration of stomach contents (principally gastric acid) during anaesthesia in childbirth. This complication of anaesthesia led, in part, to the longstanding nil per os ...