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Folded, 3-D structure of ribonuclease A. Anfinsen's dogma, also known as the thermodynamic hypothesis, is a postulate in molecular biology.It states that, at least for a small globular protein in its standard physiological environment, the native structure is determined only by the protein's amino acid sequence. [1]
Despite the redundancy in the genetic code, there is a possibility that this mutation will then change the amino acid that is produced during translation, and as a consequence the structure of the protein will be changed. The functionality of a protein is highly dependent on its structure. [4]
Amino acid replacement is a change from one amino acid to a different amino acid in a protein due to point mutation in the corresponding DNA sequence. It is caused by nonsynonymous missense mutation which changes the codon sequence to code other amino acid instead of the original.
The generation of a protein sequence is much easier than the determination of a protein structure. However, the structure of a protein gives much more insight in the function of the protein than its sequence. Therefore, a number of methods for the computational prediction of protein structure from its sequence have been developed. [39]
Central dogma depicting transcription from DNA code to RNA code to the proteins in the second step covering the production of protein. Protein production is the biotechnological process of generating a specific protein. It is typically achieved by the manipulation of gene expression in an organism such that it expresses large amounts of a ...
In biology literature, the term topology is also used to refer to mutual orientation of regular secondary structures, such as alpha-helices and beta strands in protein structure [3]. For example, two adjacent interacting alpha-helices or beta-strands can go in the same or in opposite directions.
Predicting protein tertiary structure from only its amino sequence is a very challenging problem (see protein structure prediction), but using the simpler secondary structure definitions is more tractable. Early methods of secondary-structure prediction were restricted to predicting the three predominate states: helix, sheet, or random coil.
In this way protein dynamics can induce a conformational change in the structure of the protein via long-range allostery with other hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues in the protein. One such example of the regulatory role that phosphorylation plays is the p53 tumor suppressor protein.