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The Philippines is governed as a unitary state under a presidential representative and democratic constitutional republic in which the president functions as both the head of state and the head of government of the country within a pluriform multi-party system. The powers of the three branches are vested by the Constitution of the Philippines ...
The Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916, sometimes known as the "Jones Law", modified the structure of the Philippine government by removing the Philippine Commission as the legislative upper house and replacing it with a Senate elected by Filipino voters, creating the Philippines' first fully elected national legislature. This act also explicitly ...
The Local Government Code, enacted in 1991, establishes the system and powers of the local government in the Philippines: provinces, cities, municipalities and barangays. The Local Government Code empowers local governments to enact tax measures, including real property taxes, and assures the local governments a share in the national internal ...
The 1935 Constitution of the Philippines, which served as the basis for the current constitution. The Philippine legal system is a hybrid form based on the Spanish civil law and American common law system, [32]: 304–305 with a system of Sharia law in place for some areas of law involving Muslims. [33] [26]: 10874
The Supreme Court was given its expansive powers following a period of martial law, where the Executive dominated. While the Judiciary oversees the other branches of government, judges are appointed to the Judiciary by the President of the Philippines from a shortlist submitted by the Judicial and Bar Council, a body the President can influence.
The Congress of the Philippines (Filipino: Kongreso ng Pilipinas) is the legislature of the national government of the Philippines.It is bicameral, composed of an upper body, the Senate, and a lower body, the House of Representatives, [3] although colloquially, the term "Congress" commonly refers to just the latter.
Governmental power Forms of law Vested to Constituent Constitution and Amendments: Congress of the Philippines (convening as Constituent assembly) Elected delegates (convening as Constitutional Convention) People (through People's Initiative and constitutional ratification) [L 1] Legislative Statutes; Resolutions; Legal codes
Memorandum circulars (Filipino: Memorandum sirkular), [2] according to Book III, Title I, Chapter II, Section 6 of Administrative Code of 1987, refer to the "Acts of the President on matters relating to internal administration, which the President desires to bring to the attention of all or some of the departments, agencies, bureaus or offices of the Government, for information or compliance." [7]