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Sodium nitrate has also been investigated as a phase-change material for thermal energy recovery, owing to its relatively high melting enthalpy of 178 J/g. [14] [15] Examples of the applications of sodium nitrate used for thermal energy storage include solar thermal power technologies and direct steam generating parabolic troughs. [14]
The nitrates are used for the treatment and prevention of angina and acute myocardial infarction, while molsidomine acts too slowly to be useful for the treatment of acute angina. [2] For quick action in the treatment of angina, glyceryl trinitrate is used in form of a sublingual spray (nitro spray) or as soft capsules to be crunched.
Sodium nitrite is used as a medication together with sodium thiosulfate to treat cyanide poisoning. [26] It is recommended only in severe cases of cyanide poisoning and has largely been replaced by use of hydroxocobalamin , [ 27 ] a form of vitamin B12 , but given in much higher doses than needed nutritionally. [ 28 ]
Inhalation of nitrous oxide is used frequently to relieve pain associated with childbirth, trauma, oral surgery and acute coronary syndrome (including heart attacks). Its use during labour has been shown to be a safe and effective aid for birthing women. [95] Its use for acute coronary syndrome is of unknown benefit. [96]
Sodium nitrite/sodium thiosulfate, sold under the brand name Nithiodote, is a fixed-dose combination medication used as an antidote for cyanide poisoning. [1] It contains sodium thiosulfate and sodium nitrite. [1] It is given by intravenous infusion into a vein. [1] It was approved for medical use in the United States in January 2011. [2]
Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), sold under the brand name Nitropress among others, is a medication used to lower blood pressure. [3] This may be done if the blood pressure is very high and resulting in symptoms, in certain types of heart failure, and during surgery to decrease bleeding. [3] It is used by continuous injection into a vein. [3]
Nitrite (mostly sodium nitrite) is widely used throughout chemical and pharmaceutical industries. [1] The nitrite anion is a pervasive intermediate in the nitrogen cycle in nature. The name nitrite also refers to organic compounds having the –ONO group, which are esters of nitrous acid .
The effectiveness of the water gels is dependent on the dissemination of salts in the salt solution. The particles need to be very small and fine so that they can be dispersed well throughout the solution. Some salts that are commonly used include: ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium perchlorate and potassium chlorate.