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Archaeological discoveries have shown that some of the earliest sewer systems were developed in the third millennium BCE in the ancient cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro in present-day Pakistan. The primitive sewers were carved in the ground alongside buildings.
The Ancient Roman Empire used sophisticated aqueduct and waste removal systems throughout their empire. [6] Utilizing the Cloaca Maxima, the engineers of Ancient Rome created a vast network of sewers. [7] The Cloaca Maxima emptied into the Tiber River, resulting in extreme pollution. This pollution led to the contamination of the drinking water ...
In 1822 a commission of sewers was established and over the next 20 years built 30 miles of sewers, but these were for surface water drainage only, houses did not connect to their drains. [25] William Henry Duncan (1805–1863) was Medical Officer of Health (1847-1863). He was the first Medical Officer anywhere in the UK.
The 14th century in America probably also brought decline of the Mississippian culture, especially in the northern states. Dendroclimatology suggests that severe droughts ravaged the American Southwest and especially the Southern Plains early in the period, leading to a rapid cultural decline.
The link between water and disease was still not well established and in 1873 the president of the New York board of health declared that "although rivers are great natural sewers, and receive the drainage of towns and cities the natural process of purification, in most cases destroys the offensive bodies derived from sewer and renders them ...
The Sewerage (Scotland) Act 1968 (c. 47) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which required every local authority in Scotland to provide a network of sewers to ensure that domestic sewage, surface water and trade effluent was effectively drained from their area, and to construct sewage treatment works or other facilities to deal with the contents of those sewers.
Archaeologists leading the work said that after an earthquake devastated the sprawling city in about A.D. 388, the statue had been carefully placed in the sewers and covered with soil, explaining ...
Southern border of Scotland established in the Treaty of York. 1263: Scots defeat Norwegians in the Battle of Largs. 1266: Norway cedes the Hebrides and Isle of Man to Scotland in the Treaty of Perth. 1290 Margaret, Maid of Norway dies in Orkney. 1292: Edward I of England intervenes in Scottish affairs and grants the Scottish throne to John ...