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After the name, denotes sub-orbital space travellers who have flown into orbit on a subsequent space flight. After the name, denotes space travellers who have flown to the Moon without landing. After the name, denotes space travellers who have walked on the Moon. ‡ After the name, denotes those who died during their first spaceflight. [nb 1] †
Countries (and successor states) whose citizens have flown in space as of January 2024. The criteria for determining who has achieved human spaceflight vary. The Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) defines spaceflight as any flight over 100 kilometres (62 mi), while in the United States, professional, military and commercial astronauts who travel above an altitude of 50 miles (80 ...
This is an alphabetical list of astronauts, people selected to train for a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft. For a list of everyone who has flown in space, see List of space travelers by name. More than 600 people have been trained as astronauts.
Countries represented only by suborbital space flyers are shaded. Note: citizens from the now-defunct East Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Soviet Union have also flown in space. Since the first human spaceflight by the Soviet Union, citizens of 48 countries have flown in space. For each nationality, the launch date of the first mission is listed.
Replica of the Vostok space capsule, which carried the first human into orbit, at Technik Museum Speyer Mercury space capsule, which carried the first Americans into orbit, on display at the Astronaut Hall of Fame, Titusville, Florida North American X-15, hypersonic rocket-powered aircraft, which reached the edge of space Neil Armstrong, one of the first two people to land on the Moon and the ...
The first space rendezvous was accomplished by Gemini 6A and Gemini 7 in 1965.. Records and firsts in spaceflight are broadly divided into crewed and uncrewed categories. Records involving animal spaceflight have also been noted in earlier experimental flights, typically to establish the feasibility of sending humans to outer space.
Space Adventures Soyuz TMA-16/TMA-14: 30 September 2009: 11 October 2009: First Canadian space tourist; Last space tourist before the U.S. STS Space Shuttle programme shut down, and increase in long-term ISS crew to 6, leading to a decade without space tourist flights to the ISS [3] [1] [12] [13] Richard Branson: Virgin Galactic Unity 22: 11 ...
The Soviet space program achieved many of the first milestones, including the first living being in orbit in 1957, the first human spaceflight (Yuri Gagarin aboard Vostok 1) in 1961, the first spacewalk (by Alexei Leonov) on 18 March 1965, the first automatic landing on another celestial body in 1966, and the launch of the first space station ...