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Early federal and state civil procedure in the United States was rather ad hoc and was based on traditional common law procedure but with much local variety. There were varying rules that governed different types of civil cases such as "actions" at law or "suits" in equity or in admiralty; these differences grew from the history of "law" and "equity" as separate court systems in English law.
In the United States, landmark court decisions come most frequently from the Supreme Court. United States courts of appeals may also make such decisions, particularly if the Supreme Court chooses not to review the case. Although many cases from state supreme courts are significant in developing the law of that state, only a few are so ...
Muller appealed to the Oregon Supreme Court and then to the U.S. Supreme Court, both of which upheld the constitutionality of the labor law and affirmed his conviction. Louis Brandeis, the young attorney who used social science to argue that women workers needed special protection due to the inherent difference between women and men.
Court historians and other legal scholars consider each chief justice who presides over the Supreme Court of the United States to be the head of an era of the Court. [1] These lists are sorted chronologically by chief justice and include most major cases decided by the court.
The Supreme Court of the United States is the only court specifically established by the Constitution of the United States, implemented in 1789; under the Judiciary Act of 1789, the Court was to be composed of six members—though the number of justices has been nine for most of its history, this number is set by Congress, not the Constitution ...
The Act created the Office of Attorney General, whose primary responsibility was to represent the United States before the Supreme Court. The Act also created a United States Attorney and a United States Marshal for each judicial district. [5] The Judiciary Act of 1789 included the Alien Tort Statute, now codified as 28 U.S.C. § 1350, which ...
Purchases in the United States by a non-resident corporation are insufficient under the minimum contacts test to establish in personam jurisdiction Bose Corp. v. Consumers Union of United States, Inc. 466 U.S. 485 (1984) Appellate courts may make finding of "actual malice" required for libel claims against public figures by the First Amendment
Held that voters have standing to litigate when their Constitutional Right to vote in the United States is infringed. 7–2 Epperson v. Arkansas: 1968: In contrast to Poe, the court did recognize standing in a case for overturning an unenforced Arkansas state law prohibiting the teaching of evolution. [3] 9–0 Flast v. Cohen: 1968