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  2. Ferdinand I of Bulgaria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Bulgaria

    On 5 October 1908 (celebrated on 22 September), Ferdinand proclaimed Bulgaria's de jure independence from the Ottoman Empire (though the country had been de facto independent since 1878). He also proclaimed Bulgaria a kingdom, and assumed the title of tsar—a deliberate nod to the rulers of the earlier Bulgarian states. [6]

  3. List of Bulgarian monarchs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Bulgarian_monarchs

    The title of emperor was in Bulgarian translated as tsar (deriving from the Latin caesar), seen as equivalent to the Greek basileus or Latin imperator. [5] Bulgarian rulers from the death of Simeon I in 927 until the fall of the First Bulgarian Empire in 1018 used the simpler "Emperor of the Bulgarians", ceasing to claim Byzantium's universal ...

  4. Bulgaria during World War I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_I

    Bulgarian campaigns during World War I, borders including occupied territories A German postcard commemorating the entry of Bulgaria into the war.. The Kingdom of Bulgaria participated in World War I on the side of the Central Powers from 14 October 1915, when the country declared war on Serbia, until 30 September 1918, when the Armistice of Salonica came into effect.

  5. Tsardom of Bulgaria (1908–1946) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria_(1908...

    The Tsardom of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Царство България, romanized: Tsarstvo Balgariya), also known as the Third Bulgarian Tsardom (Bulgarian: Трето Българско Царство, romanized: Treto Balgarsko Tsarstvo), sometimes translated as the Kingdom of Bulgaria, or simply Bulgaria, was a constitutional monarchy in Southeastern Europe, which was established on 5 October ...

  6. History of Bulgaria (1878–1946) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria_(1878...

    Seeing this as a violation of the pre-war agreements, and discreetly encouraged by Germany and Austria-Hungary, Tsar Ferdinand declared war on Serbia and Greece and the Bulgarian army attacked on June 29. The Serbian and the Greek forces were initially on the retreat on the western border, but they soon took the upper hand and forced Bulgaria ...

  7. Tsardom of Bulgaria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsardom_of_Bulgaria

    The Tsardom of Bulgaria is a continuation of the Bulgarian state founded in 681, actually the First Bulgarian Empire and the Tsardom of Bulgaria are one state.. It occurred in three distinct periods: between the 10th and 11th centuries, again between the 12th and 15th centuries, and again in the 20th century.

  8. Eastern Front (World War I) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_I)

    French endorsement of Romanian action against Bulgaria, and support of the terms of the Treaty of Bucharest was particularly effective at inclining Romania towards the Entente. Furthermore, Russian courting of Romanian sympathies, exemplified by the visit of the Tsar to Constanța on 14 June 1914, signaled in a new era of positive relations ...

  9. List of heads of state of Bulgaria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of...

    This is a list of the heads of the modern Bulgarian state, from the establishment of the Principality of Bulgaria to the present day. It also lists the general secretaries of the Bulgarian Communist Party in 1948–1990. From 1948 onwards, the general secretary was the country's de facto chief executive.