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Krum was originally a Bulgar chieftain in Pannonia. [citation needed] His background and the events around his accession as Khan of Bulgaria are unknown. [3]It has been speculated that he was a descendant of Khan Kubrat (c. 632–665) and that his rule marked the return of the Dulo clan, the first dynasty of Bulgaria.
Krum (Bulgarian: Крум, Greek: Κροῦμος/Kroumos), often referred to as Krum the Fearsome (Bulgarian: Крум Страшни) was the Khan of Bulgaria from sometime between 796 and 803 until his death in 814.
The Asen dynasty became extinct in 1257. Internal conflicts and incessant Byzantine and Hungarian attacks followed, enabling the Mongols to establish suzerainty over the weakened Bulgarian state. [ 62 ] [ 63 ] In 1277, swineherd Ivaylo led a great peasant revolt that expelled the Mongols from Bulgaria and briefly made him emperor.
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Krum's dynasty (13 P) This page was last edited on 15 April 2023, at 07:50 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 ...
Some historians consider Ditzeng, named only in hagiographical sources, merely a local ruler and not a monarch, with Krum perhaps being succeeded directly by his son Omurtag. [34] Omurtag Омуртаг: 814 [35] /815 [20] –831 (16-17 years) Son of Krum. [20] May have seized the throne from Ditzeng [19] or succeeded his father Krum directly. [36]
From this position of strength, Krum offered a return to the peace treaty of 716. Unwilling to compromise his regime by weakness, the new Emperor Michael I refused to accept the proposal, seemingly opposing the clause for exchange of deserters. To apply more pressure on the emperor, Krum besieged and captured Mesembria in the fall of 812.
The Bulgarians used siege machines on a large scale for the first time during the reign of Khan Krum (803–814), when they employed Arab renegades to gain experience. By 814 they possessed a large number of enormous siege machines [ 52 ] – battering rams , ballistas , mangonels , catapults , siege towers , machines against battlements . [ 53 ]