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The corpus luteum (Latin for "yellow body"; pl.: corpora lutea) is a temporary endocrine structure in female ovaries involved in the production of relatively high levels of progesterone, and moderate levels of estradiol, and inhibin A.
In domestic animals, luteolysis is initiated by the hormones prostaglandin F2alpha and oxytocin and is dependent on the presence of the uterus. In sheep, communication between the pars nervosa (posterior lobe of the pituitary gland), corpus luteum, and the uterus endometrium via the circulatory system is required for luteolysis.
Included in the follicles are the cumulus oophorus, membrana granulosa (and the granulosa cells inside it), corona radiata, zona pellucida, and primary oocyte. Theca of follicle, antrum and liquor folliculi are also contained in the follicle. Also in the cortex is the corpus luteum derived from the follicles.
5 - Corpus luteum 6 - Deterioration of corpus luteum. In biology, folliculogenesis is the maturation of the ovarian follicle, a densely packed shell of somatic cells that contains an immature oocyte. Folliculogenesis describes the progression of a number of small primordial follicles into large preovulatory follicles that occurs in part during ...
Theca interna cells express receptors for luteinizing hormone (LH) to produce androstenedione, which via a few steps, gives the granulosa the precursor for estrogen manufacturing. [ 1 ] After rupture of the mature ovarian follicle , the theca interna cells differentiate into the theca lutein cells of the corpus luteum .
The corpus luteum relies on LH activation on its receptors in order to survive. The loss of the corpus luteum can be prevented by implantation of an embryo : after implantation, human embryos produce human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), [ 5 ] which is structurally similar to LH and can preserve the corpus luteum.
Formation of the corpus luteum: From the remaining structures of the follicle, the corpus luteum is formed. At first, there is a clot, which is then replaced by loose connective tissue; the cells that form solid cords are follicular cells and cells of the outer theca (Tecali lutein cells) and internal (granulosa cells). The luteal body ...
The corpus luteum is so named because it often has a distinctive yellow color. [7] The process of forming the corpus luteum is known as " luteinization ", and thus the hormone that triggers this process is termed the "luteinizing" hormone.