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The coffee cherry has the fruit or pulp removed leaving the seed or bean which is then dried. While all green coffee is processed, the method that is used varies and can have a significant effect on the flavor of roasted and brewed coffee. Coffee production is a major source of income for 12.5 million households, most in developing countries. [1]
The following list of countries by coffee production catalogues sovereign states that have conducive climate and infrastructure to foster the production of coffee beans. [1] Many of these countries maintain substantial supply-chain relations with the world's largest coffeehouse chains and enterprises. [ 2 ]
Coffee production begins when the seeds of the Coffea plant's fruits (coffee cherries) are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The beans are roasted and then ground into fine particles. Coffee is brewed from the ground roasted beans, which are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out.
Coffee production in Ethiopia is a longstanding tradition which dates back dozens of centuries. Ethiopia is where Coffea arabica , the coffee plant, originates. [ 1 ] The plant is now grown in various parts of the world; Ethiopia itself accounts for around 17% of the global coffee market.
[4] [5] The coffee crisis intensified between 1999 and 2003 and generated huge social and economic problems in Mexico. [6] Between 1989 and 1995, the coffee production declined by 6.6% in Mexico, [4] the Coordination of Coffee Grower Organizations predicted that coffee producers would have lost 65% of their income since the crisis happened. [4]
In 2009, Brazil was the world leader in production of green coffee, followed by Vietnam, Indonesia, Colombia and Ethiopia. [8] Arabica coffee beans are cultivated in Latin America, eastern Africa, Arabia, or Asia. Robusta coffee beans are grown in western and central Africa, throughout southeast Asia, and to some extent in Brazil. [9]
Coffee production began to develop in Guatemala in the 1850s. Coffee is an important element of Guatemala's economy. [1] Guatemala was Central America's top producer of coffee for most of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, until being overtaken by Honduras in 2011. [1]
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