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The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BC. [2] [3] It was derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, [4] and is the earliest known alphabetic script to systematically write vowels as well as consonants. [5]
Zeta (UK: / ˈ z iː t ə /, US: / ˈ z eɪ t ə /; [1] uppercase Ζ, lowercase ζ; Ancient Greek: ζῆτα, Demotic Greek: ζήτα, classical [d͡zɛ̌ːta] or zē̂ta; Modern Greek: zíta) is the sixth letter of the Greek alphabet.
In its archaic form, θ was written as a cross within a circle (as in the Etruscan or ), and later, as a line or point in circle (or ).. Greek theta variant in cursive form.
Eta (/ ˈ iː t ə, ˈ eɪ t ə / EE-tə, AY-tə; [1] uppercase Η, lowercase η; Ancient Greek: ἦτα ē̂ta or Greek: ήτα ita) is the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the close front unrounded vowel, .
Iota (/ aɪ ˈ oʊ t ə /; [1] uppercase Ι, lowercase ι; Greek: ιώτα) is the ninth letter of the Greek alphabet.It was derived from the Phoenician letter Yodh. [2] Letters that arose from this letter include the Latin I and J, the Cyrillic І (І, і), Yi (Ї, ї), and Je (Ј, ј), and iotated letters (e.g. Yu (Ю, ю)).
Digamma or wau (uppercase: Ϝ, lowercase: ϝ, numeral: ϛ) is an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet.It originally stood for the sound /w/ but it has remained in use principally as a Greek numeral for 6.
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Tau (/ ˈ t aʊ, ˈ t ɔː, ˈ t ɒ /; [1] uppercase Τ, lowercase τ or ; Greek: ταυ) is the nineteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the voiceless dental or alveolar plosive IPA:.