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The history of water supply and sanitation is the topic of a separate article. The abbreviation WASH was used from the year 1988 onwards as an acronym for the Water and Sanitation for Health Project of the United States Agency for International Development. [154] At that time, the letter "H" stood for health, not hygiene.
Every two years, the JMP release its latest estimates on the use of various types of drinking-water sources and sanitation facilities at the national, regional and global levels. [4] The next report "Progress on household drinking water sanitation and hygiene: 2000-2020", was released in July 2021 at JMP website.
The history of water supply and sanitation is one of a logistical challenge to provide clean water and sanitation systems since the dawn of civilization. Where water resources, infrastructure or sanitation systems were insufficient, diseases spread and people fell sick or died prematurely. Astronaut Jack Lousma taking a shower in space, 1974
Hygiene promotion is seen by many as an integral part of sanitation. The Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council defines sanitation as "The collection, transport, treatment and disposal or reuse of human excreta, domestic wastewater and solid waste, and associated hygiene promotion." [13]
Integrating water supply, sanitation and hygiene promotion activities. The strategy document does not include a diagnostic of the current situation. The water and sanitation part of the strategy alone includes 44 recommendations concerning technical, institutional, capacity building, social, economic and environmental issues.
The Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) was a United Nations-hosted organization contributing to Sustainable Development Goal 6, Target 6.2 on sanitation and hygiene. [ 1 ] : 24 It was established in 1990 and closed at the end of 2020.
The United Nations and World Health Organization host the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene Program that uses One Water principles to monitor progress on local to global scales for attaining Sustainable Development Goal targets for “universal and equitable access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene.” [10]
According to the United Nations, the overall goal is to: "Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all." [1] The goal has eight targets to be achieved by 2030 covering the main areas of water supply and sanitation and sustainable water resource management. Progress toward the targets will be measured by using ...
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