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A number of different imaging modalities or sequences can be used with imaging the nervous system: T 1-weighted (T1W) images: Cerebrospinal fluid is dark. T 1-weighted images are useful for visualizing normal anatomy. T 2-weighted (T2W) images: CSF is light, but fat (and thus white matter) is darker than with T 1.
The descending upper fibers from the internal capsule continue on through the midbrain and are then seen as the fibers in the cerebral peduncles. [5] The corticopontine fibers are found in the outer and inner third of the cerebral peduncle, these are the cortical input to the pontine nuclei. [6]
This nerve is involved (together with nerve IX) in the pharyngeal reflex or gag reflex. XI Accessory. Sometimes: cranial accessory, spinal accessory. Mainly motor Cranial and Spinal Roots Located in the jugular foramen. Controls the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, and overlaps with functions of the vagus nerve (CN X). Symptoms of ...
Cranial nerves are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (including the brainstem), of which there are conventionally considered twelve pairs.Cranial nerves relay information between the brain and parts of the body, primarily to and from regions of the head and neck, including the special senses of vision, taste, smell, and hearing.
The most significant impact of magnetic resonance neurography is on the evaluation of the large proximal nerve elements such as the brachial plexus (the nerves between the cervical spine and the underarm that innervate shoulder, arm and hand), [9] the lumbosacral plexus (nerves between the lumbosacral spine and legs), the sciatic nerve in the pelvis, [10] as well as other nerves such as the ...
Para-sagittal MRI of the head in a patient with benign familial macrocephaly. In anatomy in general and neuroanatomy in particular, several sets of topographic terms are used to denote orientation and location, which are generally referred to the body or brain axis (see Anatomical terms of location). The axis of the CNS is often wrongly assumed ...
The genu is the bend, or flexure in the V of the internal capsule. It is formed by fibers from the corticobulbar tract.The fibers in this region are named the geniculate fibers that carry upper motor neurons from the motor cortex to cranial nerve nuclei that mainly govern muscle motion of the head and face.
The internal pyramidal layer (layer V) of the precentral cortex contains giant (70-100 micrometers) pyramidal neurons called Betz cells, which send long axons to the contralateral motor nuclei of the cranial nerves and to the lower motor neurons in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. These axons form the corticospinal tract.