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ASCII (/ ˈ æ s k iː / ⓘ ASS-kee), [3]: 6 an acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard for electronic communication. . ASCII codes represent text in computers, telecommunications equipment, and other devic
In 1973, ECMA-35 and ISO 2022 [18] attempted to define a method so an 8-bit "extended ASCII" code could be converted to a corresponding 7-bit code, and vice versa. [19] In a 7-bit environment, the Shift Out would change the meaning of the 96 bytes 0x20 through 0x7F [a] [21] (i.e. all but the C0 control codes), to be the characters that an 8-bit environment would print if it used the same code ...
For example, an ASCII (or extended ASCII) scheme will use a single byte of computer memory, while a UTF-8 scheme will use one or more bytes, depending on the particular character being encoded. Alternative ways to encode character values include specifying an integer value for a code point, such as an ASCII code value or a Unicode code point.
Code 0 (ASCII code name NUL) is a special case. In paper tape, it is the case when there are no holes. It is convenient to treat this as a fill character with no meaning otherwise. Since the position of a NUL character has no holes punched, it can be replaced with any other character at a later time, so it was typically used to reserve space ...
The hardware code page of the original IBM PC supplied the following box-drawing characters, in what DOS now calls code page 437. This subset of the Unicode box-drawing characters is thus included in WGL4 and is far more popular and likely to be rendered correctly:
The control code ranges 0x00–0x1F ("C0") and 0x7F originate from the 1967 edition of US-ASCII.The standard ISO/IEC 2022 (ECMA-35) defines extension methods for ASCII, including a secondary "C1" range of 8-bit control codes from 0x80 to 0x9F, equivalent to 7-bit sequences of ESC with the bytes 0x40 through 0x5F.
The formatting function has been combined with output in C++23, which provides [16] the std::print command as a replacement for printf(). As the format specification has become a part of the language syntax, C++ compiler is able to prevent invalid combinations of types and format specifiers in many cases.
To demonstrate the value of the escape sequence feature, to output the text Foo on one line and Bar on the next line, the code must output a newline between the two words. The following code achieves the goal via text formatting and a hard-coded ASCII character value for newline (0x0A). This behaves as desired with the words on sequential lines ...