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  2. Pre-Columbian era - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era

    The Cambeba were a populous, organized society in the late pre-Columbian era whose population suffered a steep decline in the early years of the Columbian Exchange. The Spanish explorer Francisco de Orellana traversed the Amazon River during the 16th century and reported densely populated regions running hundreds of kilometers along the river.

  3. List of pre-Columbian cultures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_pre-Columbian_cultures

    Many pre-Columbian civilizations established permanent or urban settlements, agriculture, and complex societal hierarchies. In North America, indigenous cultures in the Lower Mississippi Valley during the Middle Archaic period built complexes of multiple mounds, with several in Louisiana dated to 5600–5000 BP (3700 BC–3100 BC).

  4. Pre-Columbian Mexico - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Columbian_Mexico

    Map of Pre-Columbian states of Mexico just before the Spanish conquest. The pre-Columbian (or prehispanic) history of the territory now making up the country of Mexico is known through the work of archaeologists and epigraphers, and through the accounts of Spanish conquistadores, settlers and clergymen as well as the indigenous chroniclers of the immediate post-conquest period.

  5. List of archaeological periods (North America) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_archaeological...

    North American archaeological periods divides the history of pre-Columbian North America into a number of named successive eras or periods, from the earliest-known human habitation through to the early Colonial period which followed the European colonization of the Americas.

  6. Category:Pre-Columbian era - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Pre-Columbian_era

    This category is the overall parent category for the prehistory of the Americas, containing sub-categories and articles relating to the era defined as the pre-Columbian era (occasionally also referred to as pre-Hispanic in some contexts). This era incorporates all period subdivisions in the history of the Americas before arrival of Christopher ...

  7. History of Mexico - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Mexico

    During the pre-Columbian period, many city-states, kingdoms, and empires competed with one another for power and prestige. Ancient Mexico can be said to have produced five major civilizations: the Olmec, Maya, Teotihuacan, Toltec, and Aztec.

  8. History of the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States

    The cultural areas of pre-Columbian North America, according to Alfred Kroeber By 10,000 BCE, humans were well-established throughout North America. Originally, Paleo-Indians hunted Ice Age megafauna like mammoths , but as they began to go extinct, people turned instead to bison as a food source, and later foraging for berries and seeds.

  9. Category:Pre-Columbian cultures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Pre-Columbian...

    The term Pre-Columbian cultures are cultures of the Americas in the era before significant European influence. While technically referring to the era before Christopher Columbus, in practice the term usually includes indigenous cultures as they continued to develop until they were conquered or significantly influenced by Europeans, even if this happened decades or even centuries after Columbus ...