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A squeeze play (or squeeze) is a technique used in contract bridge and other trick-taking games in which the play of a card (the squeeze card) forces an opponent to discard a winner or the guard of a potential winner. The situation typically occurs in the end game, with only a few cards remaining.
The simple squeeze is the most basic form of a squeeze in contract bridge. When declarer plays a winner in one suit (the squeeze card), an opponent is forced to discard a stopper in one of declarer's two threat suits. The simple squeeze takes place against one opponent only and gains one trick only.
Backwash squeeze is a rare squeeze which involves squeezing an opponent which lies behind declarer's menace. A variation of this, known as the "Sydney Squeeze" or "Seres Squeeze", was discovered in play at a rubber bridge game in Sydney, Australia, in 1965, by the Australian great Tim Seres; it was later attested by famous bridge theorist Géza Ottlik in an article in The Bridge World in 1974 ...
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N W E S ♠ J 5 ♥ A 4 ♥ 3 ♦ K 9 ♦ — ♣ — ♣ 8 ♠ — ♥ — ♦ Q 2 ♣ J 2 In the first diagram clubs are trumps and South could claim all tricks on a crossruff were it not for the trump in East's hand. When the club jack is played, the entry-shifting squeeze comes to his rescue. If West sheds a heart, the jack is overtaken with the ace, a heart ruffed and North is left with ...
Hearts are the "vice suit", and the second menace is the declarer's ♦ 8. This is a position akin to automatic simple squeeze.When South leads the high ♠ 5, West must not discard the ♦ 10; when he parts with a heart honor, declarer leads the heart and East must cede the last trick to dummy's heart ten.
A positional squeeze can entail an entry-shift, and in fact the squeeze given above is positional — it will not operate if the East-West hands are switched. But many knockout squeezes are not positional but automatic — that is, the threats are located such that the squeeze operates against either opponent. Here is an example:
The double menace is always in the same hand than the first squeeze card. In matrices (1) and (2) the second squeeze executes immediately after the first. For that reason the squeeze card is an entry to North. In matrices (3) and (4) we cross to the North hand and then execute the squeeze, two tricks later than the first one. But that could ...