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Only the constant region of the antibody heavy chain changes during class switching; the variable regions, and therefore antigen specificity, remain unchanged. Thus the progeny of a single B cell can produce antibodies, all specific for the same antigen, but with the ability to produce the effector function appropriate for each antigenic challenge.
Produces antibody molecules [14] [4] Plasma cell: Lymphocyte: B cell: Plasma B cells; Effector B cells; Plasmocytus; 8-10 Active B cells that produces large amounts of antibodies [4] [15] Memory B cell: Lymphocyte: B cell: MBC; 8-10 Memorizes the characteristics of the antigens; Triggers an accelerated and robust secondary immune response [4 ...
B cells produce antibody molecules which may be either secreted or inserted into the plasma membrane where they serve as a part of B-cell receptors. [2] When a naïve or memory B cell is activated by an antigen, it proliferates and differentiates into an antibody-secreting effector cell, known as a plasmablast or plasma cell. [2]
Plasma cells can only produce a single kind of antibody in a single class of immunoglobulin. In other words, every B cell is specific to a single antigen, but each cell can produce several thousand matching antibodies per second. [14] This prolific production of antibodies is an integral part of the humoral immune response. [citation needed]
Each lineage of B cell expresses a different antibody, so the complete set of B cell antigen receptors represent all the antibodies that the body can manufacture. [57] When B or T cells encounter their related antigens they multiply and many "clones" of the cells are produced that target the same antigen.
After activation by antigen, these B cells proliferate. If these activated B cells encounter specific signaling molecules via their CD40 and cytokine receptors (both modulated by T helper cells), they undergo antibody class switching to produce IgG, IgA or IgE antibodies. During class switching, the constant region of the immunoglobulin heavy ...
Upon activation, B cells produce antibodies, each of which recognize a unique antigen, and neutralizing specific pathogens. [3] Antigen and antibody binding would cause five different protective mechanisms: Agglutination: Reduces number of infectious units to be dealt with; Activation of complement: Cause inflammation and cell lysis
[7] Once a BCR interacts with an antigen, it creates a binding signal which directs the B cell to produce a unique antibody that only binds with that antigen. The mature B cells then migrate from the bone marrow to the lymph nodes or other lymphatic organs, where they begin to encounter pathogens. Step 1: A macrophage engulfs the pathogen.