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The first dynasty of Ur (abbreviated Ur I) was a dynasty of rulers from the city of Ur in ancient Sumer who reigned c. 2600 – c. 2340 BC. Ur I is part of the Early Dynastic III period of ancient Mesopotamia. [1] It was preceded by the earlier First Dynasty of Kish and the First Dynasty of Uruk. [2]
The Third Dynasty of Ur or Ur III was a Sumerian dynasty based in the city of Ur in the 22nd and 21st centuries BC (middle chronology). For a short period they were the preeminent power in Mesopotamia and their realm is sometimes referred to by historians as the Neo-Sumerian Empire .
Utu-hengal (Sumerian: πππΆπ , D utu-αΈ«eβ-gΜalβ), also written Utu-hegΜal, Utu-heΔal, and sometimes transcribed as Utu-hegal, Utu-hejal, Utu-Khengal, was one of the first native kings of Sumer after two hundred years of Akkadian and Gutian rule, and was at the origin of the foundation of the Third Dynasty of Ur by his son-in-law Ur-Nammu.
There are a number of known Sumerian literary compositions about Ur-Namma, labeled from A to H. [15] [16] The other important later Sumerian literary work is the "Death of Ur-Nammu" (Ur-Namma A), variously described as a "hymn', "lamentation" or "wisdom". [17] It describes the death, funeral, and passge through the underworld of Ur-Nammu.
Map of the world around 2000 BC showing the Third Dynasty of Ur. After a short period of chaos following the fall of the Akkadian Empire the third Ur dynasty was established when the king Ur-Nammu came to power, ruling between c. 2047 BC and 2030 BC.
Puabi (Akkadian: π €π pu3-AD or Pu-abi "Orchard of my father"), also called Shubad or Shudi-Ad due to a misinterpretation by Sir Charles Leonard Woolley, was an important woman in the Sumerian city of Ur, during the First Dynasty of Ur (c. 2600 BCE). [4]
The so-called Ur III Sumerian King List (USKL), on a clay tablet possibly found in Adab, is the only known version of the SKL that predates the Old Babylonian period. The colophon of this text mentions that it was copied during the reign of Shulgi (2084–2037 BC), the second king of the Ur III
Shu-Sin, also Šu-Suen (Akkadian: πππππͺ: D Šu D Sîn, after the Moon God Sîn", the "π" being a silent honorific for "Divine", formerly read Gimil-Sin) was king of Sumer and Akkad, and was the fourth king of the Ur III dynasty. He succeeded his father Amar-Sin, [1] and reigned 2037–2028 BC (Middle Chronology).