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The cell was first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 using a microscope. The first cell theory is credited to the work of Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden in the 1830s. In this theory the internal contents of cells were called protoplasm and described as a jelly-like
The Hooke Medal is an annual award by the British Society for Cell Biology, to recognise "an emerging leader in cell biology". [183] List of new memorials to Robert Hooke 2005–2009 erected the occasion of the tercentenary of his death; The Boyle-Hooke plaque in Oxford
1859: Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace: Theory of evolution by natural selection. 1861: Louis Pasteur: Germ theory. 1861: John Tyndall: Experiments in Radiant Energy that reinforced the Greenhouse effect. 1864: James Clerk Maxwell: Theory of electromagnetism. 1865: Gregor Mendel: Mendel's laws of inheritance, basis for genetics.
He coined the term cell (from Latin cellula, meaning "small room" [41]) in his book Micrographia (1665). [42] [40] 1839: Theodor Schwann [43] and Matthias Jakob Schleiden elucidated the principle that plants and animals are made of cells, concluding that cells are a common unit of structure and development, and thus founding the cell theory.
The eukaryotic cell seems to have evolved from a symbiotic community of prokaryotic cells. DNA-bearing organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are remnants of ancient symbiotic oxygen-breathing bacteria and cyanobacteria, respectively, where at least part of the rest of the cell may have been derived from an ancestral archaean prokaryote ...
The cell retains a dual existence as a distinct entity and a building block in the construction of organisms. [32] By the 1860s, these tenets were the accepted basis of cell theory, used to describe the elementary anatomical composition of plants and animals. [3] Schwann's theory and observations created a foundation for modern histology. [3]
Spontaneous generation is a superseded scientific theory that held that living creatures could arise from non-living matter and that such processes were commonplace and regular. It was hypothesized that certain forms, such as fleas , could arise from inanimate matter such as dust, or that maggots could arise from dead flesh.
1858 – Rudolf Virchow proposed that cells can only arise from pre-existing cells; "Omnis cellula e celulla," all cell from cells. The Cell Theory states that all organisms are composed of cells (Schleiden and Schwann), and cells can only come from other cells (Virchow). 1864 – Louis Pasteur disproved the spontaneous generation of cellular life.