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Symmetry occurs not only in geometry, but also in other branches of mathematics. Symmetry is a type of invariance: the property that a mathematical object remains unchanged under a set of operations or transformations. [1] Given a structured object X of any sort, a symmetry is a mapping of the object onto itself which preserves the structure.
Suppose a system of Cartesian coordinates is used such that the vertex of the parabola is at the origin, and the axis of symmetry is the y axis. The parabola opens upward. It is shown elsewhere in this article that the equation of the parabola is 4fy = x 2, where f is the focal length. At the positive x end of the chord, x = c / 2 and y ...
For example. a square has four axes of symmetry, because there are four different ways to fold it and have the edges match each other. Another example would be that of a circle, which has infinitely many axes of symmetry passing through its center for the same reason. [10] If the letter T is reflected along a vertical axis, it appears the same.
Each axis is usually named after the coordinate which is measured along it; so one says the x-axis, the y-axis, the t-axis, etc. Another common convention for coordinate naming is to use subscripts, as (x 1, x 2, ..., x n) for the n coordinates in an n-dimensional space, especially when n is greater than 3 or unspecified.
In mathematics, a symmetry operation is a geometric transformation of an object that leaves the object looking the same after it has been carried out. For example, a 1 ⁄ 3 turn rotation of a regular triangle about its center, a reflection of a square across its diagonal, a translation of the Euclidean plane, or a point reflection of a sphere through its center are all symmetry operations.
Symmetry in physics has been generalized to mean invariance—that is, lack of change—under any kind of transformation, for example arbitrary coordinate transformations. [17] This concept has become one of the most powerful tools of theoretical physics , as it has become evident that practically all laws of nature originate in symmetries.
Axial symmetry is symmetry around an axis; an object is axially symmetric if its appearance is unchanged if rotated around an axis. [1] For example, a baseball bat without trademark or other design, or a plain white tea saucer , looks the same if it is rotated by any angle about the line passing lengthwise through its center, so it is axially ...
The pole of the x-axis is the point of infinity of the vertical lines and the pole of the y-axis is the point of infinity of the horizontal lines. The construction of a correlation based on inversion in a circle given above can be generalized by using inversion in a conic section (in the extended real plane).
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