Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Protein folding problem: Is it possible to predict the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of a polypeptide sequence based solely on the sequence and environmental information? Inverse protein-folding problem: Is it possible to design a polypeptide sequence which will adopt a given structure under certain environmental conditions?
Biomolecular engineering is the application of engineering principles and practices to the purposeful manipulation of molecules of biological origin. Biomolecular engineers integrate knowledge of biological processes with the core knowledge of chemical engineering in order to focus on molecular level solutions to issues and problems in the life sciences related to the environment, agriculture ...
The bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (S N 2) is a type of reaction mechanism that is common in organic chemistry. In the S N 2 reaction, a strong nucleophile forms a new bond to an sp 3-hybridised carbon atom via a backside attack, all while the leaving group detaches from the reaction center in a concerted (i.e. simultaneous) fashion.
The rate equation for S N 2 reactions are bimolecular being first order in Nucleophile and first order in Reagent. The determining factor when both S N 2 and S N 1 reaction mechanisms are viable is the strength of the Nucleophile. Nuclephilicity and basicity are linked and the more nucleophilic a molecule becomes the greater said nucleophile's ...
Diffusion control is more likely in solution where diffusion of reactants is slower due to the greater number of collisions with solvent molecules. Reactions where the activated complex forms easily and the products form rapidly are most likely to be limited by diffusion control. Examples are those involving catalysis and enzymatic reactions.
This reaction is important in the history of organic chemistry because it helped prove the structure of ethers. The general reaction mechanism is as follows: [3] An example is the reaction of sodium ethoxide with chloroethane to form diethyl ether and sodium chloride: C 2 H 5 Cl + C 2 H 5 ONa → C 2 H 5 OC 2 H 5 + NaCl
The two main mechanisms were the S N 1 reaction and the S N 2 reaction, where S stands for substitution, N stands for nucleophilic, and the number represents the kinetic order of the reaction. [4] In the S N 2 reaction, the addition of the nucleophile and the elimination of leaving group take place simultaneously (i.e. a concerted reaction).
The reaction order is 1 with respect to B and −1 with respect to A. Reactant A inhibits the reaction at all concentrations. The following reactions follow a Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism: [4] 2 CO + O 2 → 2 CO 2 on a platinum catalyst. CO + 2H 2 → CH 3 OH on a ZnO catalyst. C 2 H 4 + H 2 → C 2 H 6 on a copper catalyst. N 2 O + H 2 ...