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A mansard roof on the Château de Dampierre, by Jules Hardouin-Mansart, great-nephew of François Mansart. A mansard or mansard roof (also called French roof or curb roof) is a multi-sided gambrel-style hip roof characterised by two slopes on each of its sides, with the lower slope at a steeper angle than the upper, and often punctured by dormer windows.
Gambrel roof A cross-sectional diagram of a mansard roof, which is a hipped gambrel roof. A gambrel or gambrel roof is a usually symmetrical two-sided roof with two slopes on each side. The upper slope is positioned at a shallow angle, while the lower slope is steep.
The mansard roof, a defining feature of Second Empire design, had evolved since the 16th century in France and Germany and was often employed in 18th- and 19th-century European architecture. Its appearance in the United States was relatively uncommon in the 18th and early 19th centuries.
A structural drawing, a type of engineering drawing, is a plan or set of plans and details for how a building or other structure will be built. Structural drawings are generally prepared by registered professional engineers, and based on information provided by architectural drawings. The structural drawings are primarily concerned with the ...
Bonnet roof: A reversed gambrel or Mansard roof with the lower portion at a lower pitch than the upper portion. Monitor roof: A roof with a monitor; 'a raised structure running part or all of the way along the ridge of a double-pitched roof, with its own roof running parallel with the main roof.'
As the Second Empire style evolved from its 17th-century Renaissance foundations, it acquired a mix of earlier European styles, most notably the Baroque, often combined with mansard roofs and/or low, square-based domes. [7] The style quickly spread and evolved as Baroque Revival architecture throughout Europe and across the Atlantic. Its ...
Two construction lines, however, are common to all installation techniques: The level line; The line of greatest slope (the path followed by water by gravity on a slope). They are perpendicular. The elements of a roof will always be arranged according to these lines, which will also serve as the basis for all implementation drawings.
Following allegations of profligacy in the management of the project's costs, he was replaced with a more tractable architect, who largely followed Mansart's design. In the 1650s, Mansart was targeted by political enemies of the prime minister Cardinal Mazarin, for whom Mansart frequently worked. In 1651, they published "La Mansarade", a ...