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A low temperature thermometer can be placed in the rectum, esophagus or bladder. Esophageal measurements are the most accurate and are recommended once a person is intubated . [ 2 ] Other methods of measurement such as in the mouth, under the arm, or using an infrared ear thermometer are often not accurate.
Newborn hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury differs from injury in the adult brain in several ways: NMDA receptor toxicity is much higher in the immature brain. [18] Apoptotic mechanisms including activation of caspases, translocation of apoptosis -inducing factor and cytochrome-c release are much greater in the immature than the adult.
Mean arterial pressure should be the same as the weeks of gestation at birth. Within the first hour after birth, there may be a drop of up to 15 mm Hg in the systolic blood pressure. [1] Delayed cord clamping is defined as waiting more than 2 minutes to clamp the newborn's umbilical cord. This has been proven to be beneficial in improving ...
The Apgar score is a quick way for health professionals to evaluate the health of all newborns at 1 and 5 minutes after birth and in response to resuscitation. [1] It was originally developed in 1952 by an anesthesiologist at Columbia University, Virginia Apgar, to address the need for a standardized way to evaluate infants shortly after birth.
Body temperature is maintained through a balance of the heat produced by the body and the heat lost from the body. [10] Oral glass thermometer showing a body temperature in °F. Temperature can be recorded in order to establish a baseline for the individual's normal body temperature for the site and measuring conditions.
An infant with severe perinatal asphyxia usually has poor color , perfusion, responsiveness, muscle tone, and respiratory effort, as reflected in a low 5 minute Apgar score. Extreme degrees of asphyxia can cause cardiac arrest and death. If resuscitation is successful, the infant is usually transferred to a neonatal intensive care unit.
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Infant respiratory distress syndrome is the leading cause of death in preterm infants, [29] and the main treatments are CPAP, in addition to administering pulmonary surfactant and stabilizing the blood sugar, blood salts, and blood pressure. Observation: Modern neonatal intensive care involves sophisticated measurement of temperature ...