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Casting vote. A casting vote is a vote that someone may exercise to resolve a tied vote in a deliberative body. A casting vote is typically by the presiding officer of a council, legislative body, committee, etc., and may only be exercised to break a deadlock. Examples of presiding officers who hold casting votes are the speaker of the House of ...
Caste politics. A diagram depicting the structure of varnas in India. See more at Caste system in India. In India, a caste although it's a western stratification arrived from Portuguese word Casta and Latin word castus ,is a (usually endogamous) social group where membership is decided by birth. [1] Broadly, Indian castes are divided into the ...
Economics portal. Mathematics portal. v. t. e. Proportional representation (PR) refers to any type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. [1] The concept applies mainly to political divisions (political parties) among voters. The essence of such systems is that all votes ...
A caste is a fixed social group into which an individual is born within a particular system of social stratification: a caste system. Within such a system, individuals are expected to marry exclusively within the same caste (endogamy), follow lifestyles often linked to a particular occupation, hold a ritual status observed within a hierarchy ...
Plurality voting refers to electoral systems in which the candidates in an electoral district who poll more than any other (that is, receive a plurality) are elected. [1] Under single-winner plurality voting, and in systems based on single-member districts, plurality voting is called single member [district] plurality (SMP), [2][3] which is ...
Plurality (voting) Pie charts illustrating the difference between a mere plurality (where the green/bottom area is less than 50% of the total area) and a majority (where the green/bottom area is greater than 50% of the total area of the pie chart). A plurality vote (in North American English) or relative majority (in British English) [1 ...
Countries that primarily use a first-past-the-post voting system for national legislative elections. First-preference plurality (FPP)—often shortened simply to plurality—is a single-winner voting rule Voters typically mark one candidate as their favorite, and the candidate with the largest number of first-preference marks (a plurality) is elected, regardless of whether they have over half ...
A member can designate another member or a party to cast his or her vote. However, a party may not exercise proxies for more than 25% of its members (rounded upwards). [9] The New Zealand Listener notes a controversial occurrence of proxy voting. The Labour Party was allowed to cast votes on behalf of Taito Phillip Field, who was frequently ...