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Sudoku solving algorithms. A typical Sudoku puzzle. A standard Sudoku contains 81 cells, in a 9×9 grid, and has 9 boxes, each box being the intersection of the first, middle, or last 3 rows, and the first, middle, or last 3 columns. Each cell may contain a number from one to nine, and each number can only occur once in each row, column, and box.
Mathematical context. The general problem of solving Sudoku puzzles on n2 × n2 grids of n × n blocks is known to be NP-complete. [8] A puzzle can be expressed as a graph coloring problem. [9] The aim is to construct a 9-coloring of a particular graph, given a partial 9-coloring. The Sudoku graph has 81 vertices, one vertex for each cell.
A Sudoku with 18 clues and two-way diagonal symmetry. This section refers to classic Sudoku, disregarding jigsaw, hyper, and other variants. A completed Sudoku grid is a special type of Latin square with the additional property of no repeated values in any of the nine blocks (or boxes of 3×3 cells).
Sudoku. Completely fill the 9x9 grid, using the values 1 through 9 only once in each 3x3 section of the puzzle. Put on your Sudoku hat and get ready for a challenging Sudoku puzzle!
Taking Sudoku Seriously. Taking Sudoku Seriously: The math behind the world's most popular pencil puzzle is a book on the mathematics of Sudoku. It was written by Jason Rosenhouse and Laura Taalman, and published in 2011 by the Oxford University Press. The Basic Library List Committee of the Mathematical Association of America has suggested its ...
The P versus NP problem is a major unsolved problem in theoretical computer science. Informally, it asks whether every problem whose solution can be quickly verified can also be quickly solved. Here, quickly means an algorithm that solves the task and runs in polynomial time exists, meaning the task completion time is bounded above by a ...
When it is applicable, however, backtracking is often much faster than brute-force enumeration of all complete candidates, since it can eliminate many candidates with a single test. Backtracking is an important tool for solving constraint satisfaction problems , [ 2 ] such as crosswords , verbal arithmetic , Sudoku , and many other puzzles.
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