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Placental abruption occurs in about 1 in 200 pregnancies. [5] Along with placenta previa and uterine rupture it is one of the most common causes of vaginal bleeding in the later part of pregnancy. [6] Placental abruption is the reason for about 15% of infant deaths around the time of birth. [2] The condition was described at least as early as ...
A vaginal delivery is the birth of offspring in mammals (babies in humans) through the vagina (also called the "birth canal"). [ 1 ] It is the most common method of childbirth worldwide. [ 2 ] It is considered the preferred method of delivery, as it is correlated with lower morbidity and mortality than caesarean sections (C-sections), [ 3 ...
0.5% of pregnancies [ 5 ] Placenta praevia is when the placenta attaches inside the uterus but in a position near or over the cervical opening. [ 1 ] Symptoms include vaginal bleeding in the second half of pregnancy. [ 1 ] The bleeding is bright red and tends not to be associated with pain. [ 1 ]
A placental infarction results from the interruption of blood supply to a part of the placenta, causing its cells to die. Small placental infarcts, especially at the edge of the placental disc, are considered to be normal at term. Large placental infarcts are associated with vascular abnormalities, e.g. hypertrophic decidual vasculopathy, as ...
Placental expulsion. Placental expulsion (also called afterbirth) occurs when the placenta comes out of the birth canal after childbirth. The period of time starting just after the baby is expelled until just after the placenta is expelled is called the third stage of labor. The third stage of labor can be managed actively with several standard ...
A placental disease is any disease, disorder, or pathology of the placenta. [1][2] Ischemic placental disease leads to the attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall to become under-perfused, causing uteroplacental ischemia. Where the term overarches the pathology associated with preeclampsia, placental abruptions and intrauterine growth ...
Uterine atony is the failure of the uterus to contract adequately following delivery. Contraction of the uterine muscles during labor compresses the blood vessels and slows flow, which helps prevent hemorrhage and facilitates coagulation. Therefore, a lack of uterine muscle contraction can lead to an acute hemorrhage, as the vasculature is not ...
The placenta (pl.: placentas or placentae) is a temporary embryonic and later fetal organ that begins developing from the blastocyst shortly after implantation.It plays critical roles in facilitating nutrient, gas and waste exchange between the physically separate maternal and fetal circulations, and is an important endocrine organ, producing hormones that regulate both maternal and fetal ...