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Medications are used to reverse the symptoms of extrapyramidal side effects caused by antipsychotics or other drugs, by either directly or indirectly increasing dopaminergic neurotransmission. The treatment varies by the type of the EPS, but may involve anticholinergic agents such as procyclidine, benztropine, diphenhydramine, and trihexyphenidyl.
Aside from reduced extrapyramidal symptoms, and with the clear exception of clozapine, it is unclear whether the atypical (second-generation) antipsychotics offer advantages over older, first generation antipsychotics. [3] [27] [89] Amisulpride, olanzapine, risperidone and clozapine may be more effective but are associated with greater side ...
Data on treatment efficacies are strongest for atypical antipsychotics. Adverse effects in patients with dementia include an increased risk of mortality and cerebrovascular events, as well as metabolic effects, extrapyramidal symptoms, falls, cognitive worsening, cardiac arrhythmia, and pneumonia. [58]
In the UK and Ireland there must be an assessment that the patient satisfies the criteria for prescription; treatment resistant schizophrenia, intolerance due to extrapyramidal symptoms of other antipsychotics or psychosis in Parkinson's disease. Establishing a history of treatment resistance may include careful review of the medication history ...
There are two main categories of antipsychotics: typical and atypical. Typical antipsychotics have been around longer and are known as first-generation antipsychotics. Atypical antipsychotics are ...
Typical antipsychotic. Typical antipsychotics (also known as major tranquilizers, and first generation antipsychotics) are a class of antipsychotic drugs first developed in the 1950s and used to treat psychosis (in particular, schizophrenia). Typical antipsychotics may also be used for the treatment of acute mania, agitation, and other conditions.
Cariprazine, sold under the brand name Vraylar among others, is an atypical antipsychotic developed by Gedeon Richter, [8] which is used in the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar mania, [9] bipolar depression, [10] and major depressive disorder. [6] It acts primarily as a D 3 and D 2 receptor partial agonist, with a preference for the D 3 ...
Benzatropine (INN [2]), known as benztropine in the United States and Japan, [3] is a medication used to treat movement disorders like parkinsonism and dystonia, as well as extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotics, including akathisia. [4] It is not useful for tardive dyskinesia. [4] It is taken by mouth or by injection into a vein or ...