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Distal myopathy. Red depicts the preferentially affected areas in distal myopathy. Distal myopathy is a group of rare genetic disorders that cause muscle damage and weakness, predominantly in the hands and/or feet. Mutation of many different genes can be causative. Many types involve dysferlin.
Muscle weakness is a lack of muscle strength. Its causes are many and can be divided into conditions that have either true or perceived muscle weakness. True muscle weakness is a primary symptom of a variety of skeletal muscle diseases, including muscular dystrophy and inflammatory myopathy. It occurs in neuromuscular junction disorders, such ...
Inclusion body myositis (IBM) (/ maɪoʊˈsaɪtɪs /) (sometimes called sporadic inclusion body myositis, sIBM) is the most common inflammatory muscle disease in older adults. [ 2 ] The disease is characterized by slowly progressive weakness and wasting of both proximal muscles (located on or close to the torso) and distal muscles (close to ...
Hirayama disease, also known as monomelic amyotrophy (MMA), [1] [2] is a rare motor neuron disease first described in 1959 in Japan. Its symptoms usually appear about two years after adolescent growth spurt and is significantly more common in males, with an average age of onset between 15 and 25 years.
Muscular dystrophies (MD) are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of rare neuromuscular diseases that cause progressive weakness and breakdown of skeletal muscles over time. [ 1 ] The disorders differ as to which muscles are primarily affected, the degree of weakness, how fast they worsen, and when symptoms begin. [ 1 ]
A weakness of the tibialis anterior muscle, which lifts the feet, is usually accompanied by an atrophy of the gastrocnemius muscle which, together with the soleus muscle, forms the triceps surae muscles (distal calf muscles), occurs causing the known "stork leg deformity". [51]
Various patterns of muscle weakness occur in different motor neuron diseases. [6] Weakness can be symmetric or asymmetric, and it can occur in body parts that are distal, proximal, or both. According to Statland et al., there are three main weakness patterns that are seen in motor neuron diseases, which are: [6] [9]
Gowers's sign. Gowers's sign is a medical sign that indicates weakness of the proximal muscles, namely those of the lower limb. The sign describes a patient that has to use their hands and arms to "walk" up their own body from a squatting position due to lack of hip and thigh muscle strength. It is named after William Richard Gowers. [1][2]