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29 June – Napoleon III installs a huge map of Paris in his office at the Tuileries Palace and he and his new prefect of the Seine, Georges-Eugène Haussmann, begin planning the reconstruction of central Paris. 21 November – A demonstration of the first tram line between the modern avenue de New York and the Cours-la-Reine.
Île de la Cité. Île de la Cité (French: [il də la site]; English: City Island), [1] 22.5 hectares (56 acres) in size, [2] is one of two [a] natural islands in the Seine, in central Paris. In the 4th century, it was the site of the fortress of the area governor for the Roman Empire. In 508, Clovis I, the first King of the Franks ...
A recreated map of Paris in 1380. In the middle of the 14th century, Paris was struck by two great catastrophes: the Bubonic plague and the Hundred Years' War. In the first epidemic of the plague in 1348–1349, forty to fifty thousand Parisians died, a quarter of the population. The plague returned in 1360–1361, 1363, and 1366–1368.
lit. "stamp"; a distinctive quality; quality, prestige. café. a coffee shop (also used in French for "coffee"). Café au lait. café au lait. coffee with milk; or a light-brown color. In medicine, it is also used to describe a birthmark that is of a light-brown color (café au lait spot). calque. a copied term/thing.
6,667 confirmed killed and buried; [ 4 ] unconfirmed estimates from 10 to 15,000 [ 5 ][ 6 ] to as high as 20,000 dead. [ 7 ] 43,000 were taken prisoner, and 6,500 to 7,500 self-exiled abroad. [ 8 ] The Paris Commune (French: Commune de Paris, pronounced [kɔ.myn də pa.ʁi]) was a French revolutionary government that seized power in Paris on 18 ...
The Munser map of Paris from 1572. The population of Paris is estimated by modern historians to have been about 250,000 at the beginning of the 16th century, growing to 350,000 by 1550, then dropping down to 300,000 by the end of the century, due to the plague epidemic of 1580, and the long siege of the city during the Wars of Religion.
The Île-de-France (/ ˌiːldəˈfrɒ̃s /; French: [il də fʁɑ̃s] ⓘ; lit.'Island of France') is the most populous of the eighteen regions of France, with an official estimated population of 12,271,794 residents on 1 January 2023. [ 1 ] Centred on the capital Paris, it is located in the north-central part of the country and often called ...
e. Haussmann's renovation of Paris was a vast public works programme commissioned by French Emperor Napoleon III and directed by his prefect of the Seine, Georges-Eugène Haussmann, between 1853 and 1870. It included the demolition of medieval neighbourhoods that were deemed overcrowded and unhealthy by officials at the time, the building of ...