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The respiratory system is the most common system to be affected and the complications are the leading cause of death in SMA types 0/1 and 2. SMA type 3 can have similar respiratory problems, but it is more rare. [24] Complications arise due to weakened intercostal muscles because of the lack of stimulation from the nerve.
10q22.1: Autosomal recessive: Prenatal onset, characterised by severe muscle wasting, respiratory and feeding failure, and bone fractures at birth as in arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, usually fatal in infancy [2] [3] [4] PCH: Spinal muscular atrophy with pontocerebellar hypoplasia (SMA-PCH) Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1A (PCH1A) 607596 ...
The Singapore Medical Association (abbreviated SMA) is a professional association representing the interests of medical professionals in Singapore. It was established on September 15, 1959, replacing the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association. [2] As of 2020, it had over 8,200 members. [3]
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), popularly known as Kennedy's disease, is a rare, adult-onset, X-linked recessive lower motor neuron disease caused by trinucleotide CAG repeat expansions in exon 1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene, which results in both loss of AR function and toxic gain of function.
Some common indicators used to indicate health include total fertility rate, infant mortality rate, life expectancy, crude birth and death rate.As of 2017, Singapore has a Total Fertility Rate of 1.16 [5] children born per woman, an Infant Mortality rate of 2.2 deaths per 1000 live births, [6] Crude Birth Rate of 8.9 births per 1000 people [7] and a Death Rate of 3 deaths per 1000 inhabitants. [8]
Singapore, the city state of 5.7 million people has seemingly weathered the COVID-19 storm better than anywhere else in the world, with a death rate of only 0.05% - way lower than the global ...
The Singapore Medical Journal is a monthly peer-reviewed general medical journal. It was established in 1960 and is published by Medknow Publications on behalf of the Singapore Medical Association. The editor-in-chief is Poh Kian Keong. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 3.331. [1]
In some cases of SMA syndrome, severe malnutrition accompanying spontaneous wasting may occur. [7] This, in turn, increases the duodenal compression, which worsens the underlying cause, creating a cycle of worsening symptoms. [8] Fear of eating is commonly seen among those with the chronic form of SMA syndrome.