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  2. Waffle slab foundation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waffle_slab_foundation

    Waffle slab foundations adhere to International Building Code requirements. By 2008, most states put into effect the changes adopted in the 2006 IBC and, in regards to foundations, the on-grade mat foundation has become a more attractive design because, as an engineered system, it already accommodates the 2008 design recommendations, and required no major modifications to bring it into compliance.

  3. Compressed earth block - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed_earth_block

    A compressed earth block (CEB), also known as a pressed earth block or a compressed soil block, is a building material made primarily from an appropriate mix of fairly dry inorganic subsoil, non-expansive clay, sand, and aggregate. Forming compressed earth blocks requires dampening, mechanically pressing at high pressure, and then drying the ...

  4. Expansive clay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansive_clay

    Expansive clays have an expanding crystal lattice in a 2:1 ratio; however, there are 2:1 non-expansive clays. [2] Mitigation of the effects of expansive clay on structures built in areas with expansive clays is a major challenge in geotechnical engineering. Some areas mitigate foundation cracking by watering around the foundation with a soaker ...

  5. Earth structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_structure

    Soils with low clay content, or with no more than 15% non-expansive clay, are suitable for stabilized earth. [20] The clay percentage may be reduced by adding sand, if available. [ 21 ] If there is more than 15% clay it may take more than 10% cement to stabilize the soil, which adds to the cost. [ 20 ]

  6. Extraordinary photos reveal the secret kingdom of the soil

    www.aol.com/news/extraordinary-photos-reveal...

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  7. Earth shelter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_shelter

    An earth sheltered house in Switzerland (Peter Vetsch) An earth shelter, also called an earth house, earth-bermed house, earth-sheltered house, [1] earth-covered house, or underground house, is a structure (usually a house) with earth against the walls and/or on the roof, or that is entirely buried underground.

  8. Loam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loam

    Loam (the high-humus definition, not the soil texture definition) may be used for the construction of houses, for example in loam post and beam construction. [6] Building crews can build a layer of loam on the inside of walls, which can help to control air humidity. Loam, combined with straw, can be used as rough construction material to build ...

  9. Unified Soil Classification System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Soil...

    The Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) is a soil classification system used in engineering and geology to describe the texture and grain size of a soil. The classification system can be applied to most unconsolidated materials, and is represented by a two-letter symbol. Each letter is described below (with the exception of Pt):