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Health issues confronted by rural people are many and diverse – from severe malaria to uncontrolled diabetes, from a badly infected wound to cancer. [49] Postpartum maternal illness is a serious problem in resource-poor settings and contributes to maternal mortality, particularly in rural India. [50]
As of 2024, with an estimated population of 1.484 billion, India is the world's most populous country. India occupies 2.4% of the world's area and is home to 17.5% of the world's population. [2] The Indo-Gangetic Plain has one of the world's biggest stretches of fertile not-deep alluvium and are among the most densely populated areas of the world.
Studies of India's population since 1881 have focused on such topics as total population, birth and death rates, geographic distribution, literacy, the rural and urban divide, cities of a million, and the three cities with populations over eight million: Delhi, Greater Mumbai (Bombay), and Kolkata (Calcutta). [61]
It focuses on population studies for the ESCAP region and operates under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. [2] [3] IIPS is responsible to conduct key studies including the National Family Health Survey (NFHS), the evaluation of the National Rural Health Mission, and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey. [4]
The National Health Policy was endorsed by the Parliament of India in 1983 and updated in 2002, and then again updated in 2017. The recent four main updates in 2017 mention the need to focus on the growing burden of non-communicable diseases, the emergence of the robust healthcare industry, growing incidences of unsustainable expenditure due to healthcare costs, and rising economic growth ...
The inequalities in health created by the caste system are prominent even today. Most of the Dalit population resides in rural areas and face challenges in travelling to healthcare centres. In urban areas, Dalit families can be found in urban slums. [13] [14] Most do not avail healthcare subsidies due to a lack of identification documents.
The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), now under National Health Mission [1] is an initiative undertaken by the government of India to address the health needs of under-served rural areas. Launched on 12 April 2005 by then Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh , the NRHM was initially tasked with addressing the health needs of 18 states that ...
India's public health expenditures are lower than those of other middle-income countries. In 2012, they accounted for 4% of GDP, which is half as much as in China with 5.1%. In terms of public health spending per capita, India ranks 184th out of 191 countries in 2012. Patients' remaining costs represent about 58% of the total. [4]