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In the United States, an independent practice association (IPA) is an association of independent physicians, or other organizations that contracts with independent care delivery organizations, and provides services to managed care organizations on a negotiated per capita rate, flat retainer fee, or negotiated fee-for-service basis. [1] [2]
Optum was formed as a subsidiary of UnitedHealth Group in 2011 by merging UnitedHealth Group’s existing pharmacy and care delivery services into the single Optum brand, comprising three main businesses: OptumHealth, OptumInsight and OptumRx. [2] In 2017, Optum accounted for 44 percent of UnitedHealth Group's profits. [3]
The Intergovernmental Personnel Act regulations specify that "other organizations" are eligible to participate and define what an "other organization" is. The U.S. Office of Personnel Management does not certify organizations for participation in an IPA agreement. Each Federal Government agency certifies an organization for an IPA agreement.
Selling insurance products under UnitedHealthcare, and health care services under the Optum brand, it is the world's ninth-largest company by revenue and the largest health care company by revenue. The company is ranked 8th on the 2024 Fortune Global 500. [4] UnitedHealth Group had a market capitalization of $460.3 billion as of December 20, 2024.
The company was founded in 1992 as CareMore by Sheldon Zinberg and Johnn Edelston, President of HealthPro Associates through the merger of Community IPA managed by HealthPro Associates and Internal Medicine Specialists Medical Group, managed by Dr. Zinberg. It was based on the Sac-Sierra Medical Clinic structure of a "clinic without walls".
2016: Atrius' subsidiary, VNA Care Network Foundation, rebranded as VNA Care, and will include VNA Care Network & Hospice, VNA of Boston, and VNA Hospice Care. [31] 2022: Atrius Health is acquired by Optum, at which point it lost its not-for-profit status and its charitable assets were transferred to the Atrius Health Equity Foundation. [4] [6]
In 2015, Advocate Health Care and SCA entered a joint venture to acquire and develop a surgery center network. Advocate Health Care was the largest fully integrated healthcare delivery system in the state of Illinois; the partnership currently has a total portfolio of 15 surgery centers, with more in development. [24]
Louisiana Family Forum Action (LFF Action), is a 501(c)(4) tax-exempt non-profit organization advocacy group formed by LFF. Dan Richey, who holds the title of Grassroots Coordinator for LFF Action, joined the organization as a consultant in 2005.