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Phosphorus trichloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PCl 3. A colorless liquid when pure, it is an important industrial chemical, being used for the manufacture of phosphites and other organophosphorus compounds. It is toxic and reacts readily with water to release hydrogen chloride.
They react to produce phosphonates. They require the most heating for the reaction to occur (120 °C - 160 °C is common). This high temperature allows for fractional distillation to be employed in the removal of the alkyl halide produced, though excess of the starting alkyl halide can also be used.
In water PSCl 3 reacts, and contingent on the reaction conditions, produces either phosphoric acid, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrochloric acid or dichlorothiophosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid. [9] PSCl 3 + 4 H 2 O → H 3 PO 4 + H 2 S + 3 HCl PSCl 3 + H 2 O → HO−P(=S)Cl 2 + HCl. An intermediate in this process appears to be tetraphosphorus ...
Triethylphosphite is prepared by treating phosphorus trichloride with ethanol in the presence of a base, typically a tertiary amine: [1] PCl 3 + 3 EtOH + 3 R 3 N → P(OEt) 3 + 3 R 3 NH + 3 Cl −. In the absence of the base, the reaction of ethanol and phosphorus trichloride affords diethylphosphite ((EtO) 2 P(O)H). Of the many related ...
On an industrial scale, the acid is prepared by hydrolysis of phosphorus trichloride with water or steam: [5] PCl 3 + 3 H 2 O → HPO(OH) 2 + 3 HCl. HPO(OH) 2 could be produced by the hydrolysis of phosphorus trioxide: P 4 O 6 + 6 H 2 O → 4 HPO(OH) 2
Phosphite esters are typically prepared by treating phosphorus trichloride with an alcohol. For alkyl alcohols the displaced chloride ion can attack the phosphite, causing dealkylation to give a dialkylphosphite and an organochlorine compound. [1] [2] The overall reaction is as follows: PCl 3 + 3 C 2 H 5 OH → (C 2 H 5 O) 2 P(O)H + 2 HCl + C 2 ...
They found that phosphorus pentachloride (PCl 5) and ammonia (NH 3) react exothermically to yield a new substance that could be washed with cold water to remove the ammonium chloride ([NH 4]Cl) coproduct. The new compound contained P, N, and Cl, on the basis of elemental analysis. It was sensitive toward hydrolysis by hot water. [2]
Alternatively, Ph 3 PCl 2 can be obtained by chlorination of triphenylphosphine oxide with, for example, phosphorus trichloride, as in Grignard's original 1931 synthesis. [ 1 ] References