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Diplomatic immunity is a principle of international law by which certain foreign government officials are recognized as having legal immunity from the jurisdiction of another country. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It allows diplomats safe passage and freedom of travel in a host country and affords almost total protection from local lawsuits and prosecution.
Immunity from search and confiscation of any property and assets owned (unless immunity is waived) Exemption from any internal-revenue taxes imposed; Free from baggage search and any other procedures related to customs duties; Employees and officers of international organizations designated under the Act also receive benefits.
Consular immunity privileges are described in the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 1963 (VCCR). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Consular immunity offers protections similar to diplomatic immunity , but these protections are not as extensive, given the functional differences between consular and diplomatic officers.
The most fundamental rule of diplomatic law is that the person of a diplomatic agent is inviolable. [2] Diplomats may not be detained or arrested, and enjoy complete immunity from criminal prosecution in the receiving state, although there is no immunity from the jurisdiction of the sending state. [3]
Others have argued that the pandemic is unlikely to lead to significant changes in the international system. [4] Diplomatic relations have been affected due to tensions around trade and transport of medicines, diagnostic tests, vaccines and hospital equipment related to mitigating the impact of COVID-19.
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The argument that natural immunity against COVID-19 is an alternative to vaccination is emerging as a legal challenge to mandatory vaccination policies.
The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961 is an international treaty that defines a framework for diplomatic relations between independent countries. [2] Its aim is to facilitate "the development of friendly relations" among governments through a uniform set of practices and principles; [3] most notably, it codifies the longstanding custom of diplomatic immunity, in which ...