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Other terms often used for printed engravings are copper engraving, copper-plate engraving or line engraving. Steel engraving is the same technique, on steel or steel-faced plates, and was mostly used for banknotes, illustrations for books, magazines and reproductive prints, letterheads and similar uses from about 1790 to the early 20th century, when the technique became less popular, except ...
Steel engraving. Steel engraving is a technique for printing illustrations based on steel instead of copper. It has been rarely used in artistic printmaking, although it was much used for reproductions in the 19th century. Steel engraving was introduced in 1792 by Jacob Perkins (1766–1849), an American inventor, for banknote printing.
Etching by Daniel Hopfer, who is believed to have been the first to apply the technique to printmaking. Etching is traditionally the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio (incised) in the metal. [1] In modern manufacturing, other chemicals may be used on other ...
Chasing (French: ciselure) or embossing is a similar technique in which the piece is hammered on the front side, sinking the metal. The two techniques are often used in conjunction. Many metals can be used for chasing and repoussé work, including gold, silver, copper, and alloys such as steel, bronze, and pewter.
Ludwig von Siegen, Countess Amalie Elisabeth of Hanau-Münzenberg, 1642, is the first known mezzotint, using the light to dark method. The mezzotint printmaking method was invented by the German soldier and amateur artist Ludwig von Siegen (1609– c. 1680). His earliest mezzotint print dates to 1642 and is a portrait of Countess Amalie ...
Burin (engraving) A burin diagram, showing the handle, shaft, cutting tip, and face. [1] The bend in the shaft is especially associated with wood engraving. [2] A burin (/ ˈbjʊərɪn, ˈbɜːrɪn / BUR (E)-in) is a steel cutting tool used in engraving, from the French burin (cold chisel). Its older English name and synonym is graver.
Drypoint is a printmaking technique of the intaglio family, in which an image is incised into a plate (or "matrix") with a hard-pointed "needle" of sharp metal or diamond point. In principle, the method is practically identical to engraving. The difference is in the use of tools, and that the raised ridge along the furrow is not scraped or ...
Silverpoint is one of several types of metalpoint used by scribes, craftsmen and artists since ancient times. Metalpoint styli were used for writing on soft surfaces (wax or bark), ruling and underdrawing on parchment, and drawing on prepared paper and panel supports. For drawing purposes, the essential metals used were lead, tin and silver.
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