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Cumulative probability of a normal distribution with expected value 0 and standard deviation 1. In statistics, the standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation of the values of a variable about its mean. [1] A low standard deviation indicates that the values tend to be close to the mean (also called the expected value) of the set ...
Unbiased estimation of standard deviation. In statistics and in particular statistical theory, unbiased estimation of a standard deviation is the calculation from a statistical sample of an estimated value of the standard deviation (a measure of statistical dispersion) of a population of values, in such a way that the expected value of the ...
Weighted arithmetic mean. The weighted arithmetic mean is similar to an ordinary arithmetic mean (the most common type of average), except that instead of each of the data points contributing equally to the final average, some data points contribute more than others. The notion of weighted mean plays a role in descriptive statistics and also ...
The Standard addition method, often used in analytical chemistry, quantifies the analyte present in an unknown. This method is useful for analyzing complex samples where a matrix effect interferes with the analyte signal. In comparison to the calibration curve method, the standard addition method has the advantage of the matrices of the unknown ...
In bioinformatics, the root mean square deviation of atomic positions is the measure of the average distance between the atoms of superimposed proteins. In structure based drug design, the RMSD is a measure of the difference between a crystal conformation of the ligand conformation and a docking prediction.
Bessel's correction. In statistics, Bessel's correction is the use of n − 1 instead of n in the formula for the sample variance and sample standard deviation, [1] where n is the number of observations in a sample. This method corrects the bias in the estimation of the population variance. It also partially corrects the bias in the estimation ...
If is a standard normal deviate, then = + will have a normal distribution with expected value and standard deviation . This is equivalent to saying that the standard normal distribution Z {\textstyle Z} can be scaled/stretched by a factor of σ {\textstyle \sigma } and shifted by μ {\textstyle \mu } to yield a different normal distribution ...
Deviation (statistics) In mathematics and statistics, deviation serves as a measure to quantify the disparity between an observed value of a variable and another designated value, frequently the mean of that variable. Deviations with respect to the sample mean and the population mean (or "true value") are called errors and residuals, respectively.