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The first plastic made from synthetic components, it was developed by Leo Baekeland in Yonkers, New York, in 1907, and patented on December 7, 1909. [ 3 ] Bakelite was one of the first plastic-like materials to be introduced into the modern world and was popular because it could be moulded and then hardened into any shape.
In 1996, The Wall Street Journal published a profile of Billings that also described fire-resistance testing of Geobond by Underwriters Laboratories, the Kansas City Fire Department, and a government lab at Edwards Air Force Base. [1] Geobond research was initially funded by Billings.; [9] it was patented in 1997. [10]
It is a polymer, primarily used for packaging (plastic bags, plastic films, geomembranes and containers including bottles, cups, jars, etc.). As of 2017 [update] , over 100 million tonnes of polyethylene resins are being produced annually, accounting for 34% of the total plastics market.
Polypropylene is discovered by Giulio Natta with production starting in 1957 [1] 1954: Expanded polystyrene, used for building insulation, packaging, and cups, is invented by Dow Chemical. [1] 1957: The Italian firm Montecatini begins large-scale commercial production of isotactic polypropylene. 1960s
Concrete buildings are more resistant to fire than those constructed using steel frames, since concrete has lower heat conductivity than steel and can thus last longer under the same fire conditions. Concrete is sometimes used as a fire protection for steel frames, for the same effect as above. Concrete as a fire shield, for example Fondu fyre ...
Engineers created a breakthrough cement that's 17 times stronger, leading to safer and more durable buildings. And they used an astonishing secret weapon.
In 2001, in an attempt to commercialize the technology they replaced the binding materials with a health-neutral polymer additive. Laboratory tests were completed on fire resistance and compressive tests. This light polystyrene concrete turned out to be structurally stable, light weight (from 100 to 300 kg/m 3) and 100% fire retardant. A ...
In a fire, PVC can form hydrogen chloride fumes; the chlorine serves to scavenge free radicals, making PVC-coated wires fire retardant. While hydrogen chloride fumes can also pose a health hazard in their own right, it dissolves in moisture and breaks down onto surfaces, particularly in areas where the air is cool enough to breathe, so would ...