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  2. Cycles and fixed points - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycles_and_fixed_points

    G has 2 fixed points, 1 2-cycle and 3 4-cycles B has 4 fixed points and 6 2-cycles GB has 2 fixed points and 2 7-cycles P * (1,2,3,4) T = (4,1,3,2) T Permutation of four elements with 1 fixed point and 1 3-cycle. In mathematics, the cycles of a permutation π of a finite set S correspond bijectively to the orbits of the subgroup generated by π ...

  3. Mathematical and theoretical biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_and...

    Mathematical and theoretical biology, or biomathematics, is a branch of biology which employs theoretical analysis, mathematical models and abstractions of living organisms to investigate the principles that govern the structure, development and behavior of the systems, as opposed to experimental biology which deals with the conduction of ...

  4. Cyclic permutation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_permutation

    A cyclic permutation consisting of a single 8-cycle. There is not widespread consensus about the precise definition of a cyclic permutation. Some authors define a permutation σ of a set X to be cyclic if "successive application would take each object of the permuted set successively through the positions of all the other objects", [1] or, equivalently, if its representation in cycle notation ...

  5. Indian National Mathematical Olympiad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_National...

    The Indian Olympiad Qualifier in Mathematics (IOQM) is a national exam for students in grades 8-12. It's used to shortlist students for HBCSE's Mathematical Olympiad program. Students must be under 20 years old by June 30 of the IMO year and cannot have passed Class 12.

  6. List of types of numbers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_types_of_numbers

    Duodecimal: Base 12, a numeral system that is convenient because of the many factors of 12. Sexagesimal: Base 60, first used by the ancient Sumerians in the 3rd millennium BC, was passed down to the ancient Babylonians. See positional notation for information on other bases.

  7. Systems biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_biology

    Systems biology is the computational and mathematical analysis and modeling of complex biological systems.It is a biology-based interdisciplinary field of study that focuses on complex interactions within biological systems, using a holistic approach (holism instead of the more traditional reductionism) to biological research.

  8. Cycle (graph theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycle_(graph_theory)

    The term cycle may also refer to an element of the cycle space of a graph. There are many cycle spaces, one for each coefficient field or ring. The most common is the binary cycle space (usually called simply the cycle space), which consists of the edge sets that have even degree at every vertex; it forms a vector space over the two-element field.

  9. Girth (graph theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girth_(graph_theory)

    A cubic graph (all vertices have degree three) of girth g that is as small as possible is known as a g-cage (or as a (3,g)-cage).The Petersen graph is the unique 5-cage (it is the smallest cubic graph of girth 5), the Heawood graph is the unique 6-cage, the McGee graph is the unique 7-cage and the Tutte eight cage is the unique 8-cage. [3]