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Annexed by Britain as a Crown Colony in 1946, and became a part of Malaysia on 16 September 1963. Singapore Malaya [e] 16 September: 1963: Became self-governing on 3 June 1959, and became a part of Malaysia on 16 September 1963. Subsequently gained independence from Malaysia on the 9 August 1965. [13] Surinam: Tokelau: Weihaiwei
The territory today known as England became inhabited more than 800,000 years ago, as the discovery of stone tools and footprints at Happisburgh in Norfolk have indicated. [1] The earliest evidence for early modern humans in Northwestern Europe , a jawbone discovered in Devon at Kents Cavern in 1927, was re-dated in 2011 to between 41,000 and ...
The Kingdom of England was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from the early tenth century, when it was unified from various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, until 1 May 1707, when it united with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, which would later become the United Kingdom.
Strong support exists among historians and students of nations and nationalism for the idea that England became a nation in or no later than the Tudor period. Liah Greenfeld argues that England was "the first nation in the world". [50] Others, including Patrick Collinson and Diana Muir Appelbaum argue strongly for Tudor-era English nationhood ...
The empire established the use of the English language in regions around the world. Today it is the primary language of up to 460 million people and is spoken by about 1.5 billion as a first, second or foreign language. [263] It has also significantly influenced other languages. [264]
This is a timeline of British history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of England, History of Wales, History of Scotland, History of Ireland, Formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and History of the United Kingdom
The federation collapsed following the loss of its two largest members, Jamaica and Trinidad, each of which attained independence in 1962; Trinidad formed a union with Tobago to become the country of Trinidad and Tobago. [137] The eastern Caribbean islands, as well as the Bahamas, gained independence in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. [137]
Banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland retain the right to issue their own notes, subject to retaining enough Bank of England notes in reserve to cover their issue. In 2022, the UK became the world's fourth-largest exporter behind only China, the US, and Germany. [265] The estimated nominal GDP of the UK for 2024 is £2.765 trillion. [266]