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The Thirteenth Amendment (Amendment XIII) to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.The amendment was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, by the House of Representatives on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the required 27 of the then 36 states on December 6, 1865, and proclaimed on December 18.
Text of the 13th Amendment. The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for a crime. [6] It was passed by the U.S. Senate on April 8, 1864, and, after one unsuccessful vote and extensive legislative maneuvering by the Lincoln administration, the House followed suit on January 31, 1865. [7]
After the Thirteenth Amendment was passed, federal officials sought to end peonage. [3] In June 1865, President Andrew Johnson issued a proclamation ordering federal employees to work to discontinue the practice. Later, on January 26, 1867, Senator Henry Wilson of Massachusetts introduced bill S. 543, which would become the Peonage Act of 1867. [4]
Opinion: 13th Amendment has been cited to address what we consider modern forms of slavery, i.e., sex trafficking, bondage or aggravated kidnapping.
[20] [21] As with the Corwin Amendment, when what is now the Thirteenth Amendment was proposed and adopted, no one claimed that there already was an adopted Thirteenth Amendment. The assertion that the Titles of Nobility Amendment has been ratified by the required number of states has never been upheld by any court in the United States.
Y indicates that state ratified amendment: N indicates that state rejected amendment: Y (‡) indicates that state ratified amendment after first rejecting it: Y (×) indicates that state ratified amendment, but later rescinded that ratification: ⋈ indicates that state did not complete action on amendment during stated ratification period.
The Court decided that the law was a valid exercise of Congress's enforcement power under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, because it was aimed at remedying state-sponsored discrimination, despite an earlier court finding that a literacy test was not in and of itself a violation of the 14th Amendment.
A state government is the government that controls a subdivision of a country in a federal form of government, which shares political power with the federal or national government. A state government may have some level of political autonomy, or be subject to the direct control of the federal government. This relationship may be defined by a ...