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Aqidah comes from the Semitic root ʿ-q-d, which means "to tie; knot". [6] (" Aqidah" used not only as an expression of a school of Islamic theology or belief system, but as another word for "theology" in Islam, as in: "Theology (Aqidah) covers all beliefs and belief systems of Muslims, including sectarian differences and points of contention".) [7]
Urdu Daira Maarif Islamiya or Urdu Encyclopaedia of Islam (Urdu: اردو دائرہ معارف اسلامیہ) is the largest Islamic encyclopedia published in Urdu by University of the Punjab. Originally it is a translated, expanded and revised version of Encyclopedia of Islam. Its composition began in the 1950s at University of the Punjab.
[1] [2] Its most simple definition is the belief in the six articles of faith, known as arkān al-īmān. The term iman has been delineated in both the Quran and hadith . [ 3 ] According to the Quran, iman must be accompanied by righteous deeds and the two together are necessary for entry into Paradise . [ 4 ]
Muslims believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a primordial faith that was revealed many times through earlier prophets and messengers, including Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of God and the unaltered, final revelation.
The orthography of the translation therefore replicates the original Arabic meaning so that god is a common noun and God is a unique proper name. [ 10 ] The noun shahādah ( شَهَادَة ), from the verb šahida ( [ʃa.hi.da] شَهِدَ ), from the root š-h-d ( ش-ه-د ) meaning "to observe, witness, testify", translates as "testimony ...
The classical definition of tawhid was limited to declaring or preferring belief in one God and the unity of God. [12] Although the monotheistic definition has persisted into modern Arabic, it is now more generally used to connote "unification, union, combination, fusion; standardization, regularization; consolidation, amalgamation, merger". [13]
This verse addresses the believers, exhorting them to believe, implying multiple stages of belief. There is a difference between the terms Muslim and mumin. The term mumin is the preferred term used in the Quran to describe monotheistic believers.
In recent decades, the term I'jaz has also come to refer to the belief that the Quran contains "scientific miracles", i.e. prophecies of scientific discoveries. [5] Kharq al'adad – "a break in God's customary order of things" – was a term used in "theological or philosophical discussions" to refer to miraculous events. [ 2 ]