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All quantities are in Gaussian units except energy and temperature which are in electronvolts.For the sake of simplicity, a single ionic species is assumed. The ion mass is expressed in units of the proton mass, = / and the ion charge in units of the elementary charge, = / (in the case of a fully ionized atom, equals to the respective atomic number).
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 25 February 2025. Chemical element with atomic number 10 (Ne) This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Neon (disambiguation). Chemical element with atomic number 10 (Ne) Neon, 10 Ne Neon Appearance colorless gas exhibiting an orange-red glow when placed in an electric field ...
Neon has a high first ionization potential of 21.564 eV, which is only exceeded by that of helium (24.587 eV), requiring too much energy to make stable ionic compounds. Neon's polarisability of 0.395 Å 3 is the second lowest of any element (only helium's is more extreme).
The abundances of the naturally occurring isotopes of neon. Neon (10 Ne) possesses three stable isotopes: 20 Ne, 21 Ne, and 22 Ne. In addition, 17 radioactive isotopes have been discovered, ranging from 15 Ne to 34 Ne, all short-lived. The longest-lived is 24 Ne with a half-life of 3.38(2) min. All others are under a minute, most under a second.
When charged particles move in electric and magnetic fields the following two laws apply: Lorentz force law: = (+),; Newton's second law of motion: = =; where F is the force applied to the ion, m is the mass of the particle, a is the acceleration, Q is the electric charge, E is the electric field, and v × B is the cross product of the ion's velocity and the magnetic flux density.
In atomic physics, the effective nuclear charge of an electron in a multi-electron atom or ion is the number of elementary charges an electron experiences by the nucleus. It is denoted by Z eff . The term "effective" is used because the shielding effect of negatively charged electrons prevent higher energy electrons from experiencing the full ...
Theoretical isotope distribution for the molecular ion of caffeine. The molecular mass (abbreviated M r) of a substance, formerly also called molecular weight and abbreviated as MW, is the mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic mass unit u (equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of 12 C).
This is the energy per mole necessary to remove electrons from gaseous atoms or atomic ions. The first molar ionization energy applies to the neutral atoms. The second, third, etc., molar ionization energy applies to the further removal of an electron from a singly, doubly, etc., charged ion.