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Indian Ocean trade has been a key factor in East–West exchanges throughout history. Long-distance maritime trade by Austronesian trade ships and South Asian and Middle Eastern dhows, made it a dynamic zone of interaction between peoples, cultures, and civilizations stretching from Southeast Asia to East and Southeast Africa, and the East Mediterranean in the West, in prehistoric and early ...
Austronesian proto-historic and historic (Maritime Silk Road) maritime trade network in Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean [1]. The Maritime Silk Road or Maritime Silk Route is the maritime section of the historic Silk Road that connected Southeast Asia, East Asia, the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian Peninsula, eastern Africa, and Europe.
Indian maritime history begins during the 3rd millennium BCE when inhabitants of the Indus Valley initiated maritime trading contact with Mesopotamia. [1] India's long coastline, which occurred due to the protrusion of India's Deccan Plateau, helped it to make new trade relations with the Europeans, especially the Greeks, and the length of its coastline on the Indian Ocean is partly a reason ...
~1,500 BCE: Seafaring Austronesian peoples establish the Austronesian maritime trade network, the first true maritime trade network in the Indian Ocean. It established trade routes with Southern India and Sri Lanka, East Asia, the Arabian Peninsula, and Eastern Africa. It later became part of the Spice Trade and the Maritime Silk Road. [29] [30 ...
KGTL operates across a quay length of 800 meters at berths 6-10 on the East Wharf of Karachi Port. [10] Karachi Gateway Terminal Multipurpose (Private) Limited (KGTML) started bulk and general cargo terminal operations in February 2024. It operates across a quay length of 1500 meters at berths 11-17 on the East Wharf of Karachi Port. [11]
Austronesians in Island Southeast Asia establish the Austronesian maritime trade network with Southern India and Sri Lanka, resulting in an exchange of material culture, including boat and sailing technologies and crops like sugarcane, coconuts, and various spices. It is the precursor to both the Indian Ocean spice trade and maritime silk road.
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In all, European traders exported 567,900–733,200 slaves within the Indian Ocean between 1500 and 1850, and almost that same number were exported from the Indian Ocean to the Americas during the same period. Slave trade in the Indian Ocean was, nevertheless, very limited compared to c. 12,000,000 slaves exported across the Atlantic. [92]