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Games and toys, or types of play, in many cultures are gender (and age) neutral, but some are given a gender role (masculine or feminine).Games given a gender role are exclusive or segregationist, and a game labelled as such is often considered by both children and adults as appropriate for boys or girls but not both.
Gender roles are usually centered on conceptions of masculinity and femininity. [1] The specifics regarding these gendered expectations may vary among cultures, while other characteristics may be common throughout a range of cultures. In addition, gender roles (and perceived gender roles) vary based on a person's race or ethnicity. [2]
Learning gender roles starts from birth and includes seemingly simple things like what color outfits a baby is clothed in or what toys they are given to play with. However, a person's gender does not always align with what has been assigned at birth. Factors other than learned behaviors play a role in the development of gender. [64]
By the time a child is three or four, the vast majority of their peer interactions are with members of the same sex. [citation needed] As Maccoby observed, by the age of four and a half, children spend three times as much time with same-sex play partners; by six and a half, that amount increases to eleven times. [52]
gender identity: the child recognizes that they are either a boy or a girl and possesses the ability to label others. gender stability: the identity in which they recognizes themselves as does not change; gender consistency: the acceptance that gender does not change regardless of changes in gender-typed appearance, activities, and traits.
Most cultures use a gender binary by which women are of one of two genders, the others being men; other cultures have a third gender. [ 66 ] [ 67 ] [ 68 ] Femininity (also called womanliness or girlishness ) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with women and girls.
Gender identity is the personal sense of one's own gender. [1] Gender identity can correlate with a person's assigned sex or can differ from it. In most individuals, the various biological determinants of sex are congruent and consistent with the individual's gender identity. [2]
The characteristics that generally define gender are referred to as masculine or feminine. In some cultures, gender is not always conceived as binary , or strictly linked to biological sex. As a result, in some cultures there are third , fourth, [ 12 ] or "some" [ 13 ] : 23 genders.