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GCKey (French: CléGC) is a standards-based authentication service provided by the Government of Canada. [1] It provides Canadians with secure access to online information and government services and assists Canadian federal government departments in managing and controlling access to their on-line programs through the provisioning of standardized registration and authentication processes.
The College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants (the College, CICC French: Collège des consultants en immigration et en citoyenneté, CCIC) is the Canada-wide regulatory authority created to protect consumers by overseeing regulated immigration and citizenship consultants and international student advisors. [2] [3]
In the 2010s, there was a shift in immigration policy due to small businesses needing affordable labor, making student visas a step towards permanent residency, currently known as "two-step immigration". [48] [49] This led to a historic population growth in Canada in 2022, affecting housing due to a lack of housing plans.
Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC; French: Immigration, Réfugiés et Citoyenneté Canada) [NB 1] is the department of the Government of Canada with responsibility for matters dealing with immigration to Canada, refugees, and Canadian citizenship. The department was established in 1994 following a reorganization.
The visa policy of Canada requires that any foreign citizen wishing to enter Canada must obtain a temporary resident visa from one of the Canadian diplomatic missions unless they hold a passport issued by one of the 53 eligible visa-exempt countries and territories or proof of permanent residence in Canada or the United States.
[2] [3] Express Entry is designed to facilitate express immigration of skilled workers to Canada "who are most likely to succeed economically." [ 3 ] The system is identified to be efficient in processing times, with 80% of applications processed in 6 months or less compared to an existing one.
As of 2 July 2013, the Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship portfolio inherited primary responsibility for Passport Canada and the administration of the Canadian Passport Order from the Foreign Affairs and International Trade portfolio. [9] The Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, though independent, also reports to the minister. [7]
Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada.. As of 2025, Canadian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 185 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 7th in the world according to the Henley Passport Index. [1]