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Globalization is the process of increasing interdependence and integration among the economies, markets, societies, and cultures of different countries worldwide. This is made possible by the reduction of barriers to international trade, the liberalization of capital movements, the development of transportation, and the advancement of information and communication technologies. [1]
An economic system, or economic order, [1] is a system of production, resource allocation and distribution of goods and services within a society. It includes the combination of the various institutions , agencies, entities, decision-making processes, and patterns of consumption that comprise the economic structure of a given community.
Retail research studies suggest that there is a strong relationship between a store's positioning and the socio-economic status of customers. [33] In addition, the retail strategy, including service quality, has a significant and positive association with customer loyalty. [ 34 ]
The world economy or global economy is the economy of all humans in the world, referring to the global economic system, which includes all economic activities conducted both within and between nations, including production, consumption, economic management, work in general, financial transactions and trade of goods and services.
The Eurasian Economic Union, the Gulf Cooperation Council, CARICOM and the European Union are current examples of single markets, although the GCC's single market has been described as "malfunctioning" in 2014. [5] The European Union is the only economic union whose objective is "completing the single market".
Retailing in India is one of the pillars of its economy and accounts for about 10 percent of its GDP. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The Indian retail market is estimated to be worth $1.3 trillion as of 2022. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] India is one of the fastest growing retail markets in the world, with 1.4 billion people.
See: World economy.) In most countries, such trade represents a significant share of gross domestic product (GDP). While international trade has existed throughout history (for example Uttarapatha, Silk Road, Amber Road, salt roads), its economic, social, and political importance has been on the rise in recent centuries.
Typically, previously independent producers on the land (but also serfs and indentured labourers etc.) are proletarianised and migrate to the urban centres, in search of work from an employer. Simple commodity production nevertheless continues to occur on a large scale in the world economy, particularly in peasant production. It also persists ...